| What are the equipment and entry requirements for Class E airspace? | Entry: None for VFR
Equipment: None specified |
| Except for certain excluded aircraft operations, what criteria defines a small unmanned aircraft? | 1. Weigh less than 55 lbs (25 kg), including everything that is onboard or otherwise attached to the aircraft.
2. Are operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft.
Note: 55 lbs and greater does not apply |
| Define sUA? | Acronym: Small Unmanned Aircraft
Definition: A UA weighing less than 55 lbs, including everything that is onboard or otherwise attached to the aircraft, and can be flown without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft. |
| Define sUAS? | Acronym: Small Unmanned Aircraft System
Definition: An sUA and its associated elements (including communication links and the components that control the sUA) that are required for the safe and efficient operation of the sUA in the NAS. |
| What is the difference between 14 CFR Part 107 and 14 CFR Part 48? | Part 107 ("Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems"): Classification, certification, and operational limitations and applies to the operation of certain civil sUA within the NAS for PURPOSES OTHER THAN HOBBY AND RECREATION.
Part 48 ("Registration and Marking Requirements for sUAS"): Applies for all operations of an sUAS over 0.55 lbs, whether for work or your own enjoyment. |
| What does not apply to 14 CFR Part 107? | Model Aircraft that meet the criteria in 14 CFR Part 101 (e.g. Amateur rockets, moored balloons or unmanned free balloons, and kites), operations conducted outside the United States, public aircraft operations, and air carrier operations. |
| What regulations should hobbyist conducting recreational operations follow? | Advisory Circular 91-57 (AC 91-57) - Model Aircraft Operating Standards
as well as
14 CFR Part 101.41 and 101.43 |
| What action, if any, is appropriate if the remote pilot deviates from Part 107 during an emergency? | UPON REQUEST, file a detailed written report of that deviation to the FAA Administrator |
| What are the eligibility requirements for apply for a Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate with a sUAS rating? | 1. Be at least 16 years old
2. Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English Language
3. Be in a physical and mental condition that would not interfere with the safe operations of sUAS
4. Fullfill training and testing requirements |
| After receiving a Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate with an sUAS rating, how oftern must you satisfy recurrent training requirements? | Every 24 months |
| Effective September 16, 2023, what requirements must a person meet in order to operate an unmanned aircraft within the airspace of the United States? | 1.) 14 CFR 89.110 - Standard Remote ID
- A standard remote ID broadcasts identification and location information about the drone and its control station. A standard remote ID is one that is produced with BUILT-IN remote ID broadcast capability
2.) 14 CFR 89.115 - Remote ID Broadcast Module
- A remote ID broadcast module does the same thing as a standard remote ID broadcast module. However, the module can be added to the drone to retrofit it and is limited to VLOS operations. |
| For sUAS operations conducted during civil twilight hours and NIGHT, how far away must the anti collision lights on the aircraft be visible? | 3 Statute Miles (3 SM) |
| In the contiguous United States, the Federal Air Almanac defines EVENING civil twilight as? | The period from sunset until 30 minutes after sunset |
| In the contiguous United States, the Federal Air Almanac defines MORNING civil twilight as? | The period 30 minutes prior to sunrise until sunrise |
| 14 CFR Part 1 defines NIGHT as? | The time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight |
| What is the speed limit for a sUAS? | 87 knots (100 mph) |
| What is the flight ceiling limit for a sUAS? | 400 feet above ground level (AGL) unless flown within a 400' radius of a structure |
| What is the flight ceiling limit for a sUAS withing a 400' radius of a structure? | Must not be flown higher than 400' above the structure's immediate uppermost limit |
| What is the minimum visibility requirement for sUAS operations? | Visibility must be no less than 3 SM as observed from the location of the control station and there must be a minimum 900 foot ceiling to clouds (400' + 500' = 900') |
| What are the minimum clearance distances from sUA's to clounds? | Must be not less than 500' BELOW a cloud and 2,000' horizontally from the cloud |
| Category 1 Operations of Subpart D of Part 107 is described as? | To conduct Category 1 operations -
(a) A remote pilot in command must use a small unmanned aircraft that -
(1) Weighs 0.55 pounds or less on takeoff and throughout the duration of each operation under Category 1, including everything that is on board or otherwise attached to the aircraft; and
(2) Does not contain any exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin upon impact with a human being.
(b) No remote pilot in command may operate a small unmanned aircraft in sustained flight over open-air assemblies of human beings unless the operation meets the requirements of either 89.110 or 89.115(a) of this chapter. |
| Which category of small unmanned aircraft must have an airworthiness certifcaate issued by the FAA? | Category 4 |
| No person may operate an sUAS over a human being unless? | 1.) That human being is directly participating in the operation of the sUAS
2.) That human being is located under a covered structure or inside a stationary vehicle that can provide reasonable protection from a falling sUAS
3.) The operation meets the requirements of at least one of teh operational categories specified ins Subpart D of Part 107
- Category 1
- Category 2
- Category 3
- Category 4 |
| Does Part 107 permit operation of a sUAS from a moving land or water-borne vehicle? | Yes. However, it must be over a sparsely populated (or unpopulated) area. |
| Does Part 107 permit operation of a sUAS from a moving aircraft? | No, Part 107 PROHIBITS operation from a moving AIRCRAFT. |
| Does Part 107 permit operation of a sUA from a moving vehicle if the sUA is transporting another person's property for compensation or hire? | NO |
| Which categories of operation require an FAA accepted current DOC? | Category 2 and Catergory 3 |
| If a certified pilot changes permanent mailing address and fails to notify the FAA Airman Certification Branch of the new address, the pilot is entitled to exercise the privileges of the pilot certificate for a period of only? | 30 Days |
| When requesting a CoW, the required documents should be presented to the FAA at least how many days prior to the planned operation? | 90 days |
| Class A, B, C, D, and E airspace areas, restricted areas, and prohibited areas, are referred to as.... | Regulatory Airspace |
| Class G airspace areas, Military operations areas, warning areas, alert areas, and controlling firing areas, are referred to as...... | Nonregulatory Airspace |
| Controlled airspace include? | Class A, B, C, D and E airspace |
| Uncontrolled airspace includes? | Class G airspace |
| Special use airspace includes? | Prohibited Areas, Restricted Areas, Warning Areas, Military Operations Areas (MOAs), Alert Areas, and Controlled Firing Ranges |
| What is the "Chart Supplement U.S."? | This is a publication for pilots containing key information about all airports, seaplane bases, and heliports open to the public including communications data, navigational facilities, and certain special notices and procedures. It is reissued every 56 days. |
| How would a remote PIC "CHECK NOTAMS"? | 1.) by visiting faa.gov
2.) by referencing the FAA's Flight Service at 1800wxbrief.com |
| NOTAMs are classified into five categories, what are they? | 1.) NOTAM (D) or distant
2.) Flight Data Center (FDC) NOTAMs
3.) Pointer NOTAM
4.) Special Activity Airspace (SAA) NOTAMs
5.) Military NOTAMs |
| What are NOTAM (D)s? | NOTAM (D)s are transmitted with hourly weather reports. |
| What are FDC NOTAMs? | They are issued by the National Flight Data Center and contain regulatory information such as temporary flight restrictions (TFR)s or an amendment to instrument approach procedures |
| What are pointer NOTAMs? | Pointer NOTAMs highlight or point out another NOTAM (such as the issueance of an FDC or NOTAM (D) |
| Common TFR(s) include but are not limited to: | 1.) Presidential TFRs and NOTAMs
2.) Emergency Response TFRs and NOTAMs (Forest fires, natural disasters, etc..)
3.) Standing TFRs (stadiums for sporting events) |
| What is an AC (Advisory Circulars)? | ACs are issued systematically by the FAA to inform the aviation community of non-regulatory material of interest. In many cases, they are the result of a need to fully explain a particular subject (available at faa.gov) |
| What is the purpose for the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)? | AIM is the official guide to basic flight information and Air Traffic Control (ATC) procedures.
Issued yearly with ongoing revisions. |
| What is the difference between a Sectional Aeronautical Chart and the Terminal Area Chart (TAC)? | Note: Both Chats include aeronautical information such as airports, airways, special use airspace, and other pertinent data.
They both portary alot of the same information including terrain, populated placed, roads, railroads and distinctive landmarks
1.) Scale on a Sectional Aeronautical Chart is 1:500,000 (1 inch = 6.8 NM)
2.) TAC scale is 1:250,000 (1 inch = 3.43 NM). They show more significant detail than the Sectional Charts, but have small area coverage. |
| What airspaces require ATC Authorization? | Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class D, or within the lateral boundaries of the surface area of Class E |
| What are the equipment and entry requirements for Class A airspace? | Entry: ATC clearance
Equipment: IFR equipped |
| What are the equipment and entry requirements for Class B airspace? | Entry: ATC clearance
Equipment: Two-way radio and a transponder with altitude reporting capabilities |
| What are the equipment and entry requirements for Class C airspace? | Entry: Establish Two-way radio Communications with ATC prior to entry and during transit through
Equipment: Two-way radio and a transponder with altitude reporting capabilities |
| What are the equipment and entry requirements for Class D airspace? | Entry: Establish Two-way radio Communications with ATC prior to entry and during transit through
Equipment: Two-way radio |
| What are the equipment and entry requirements for Class E airspace? | Entry: None for VFR
Equipment: None specified |
| What do Restricted areas typically denote? What is the difference between a restricted area and a warning area? | Typically denote the presence of unusaual, often invisible, hazards to aircraft such as artilery firing, aerial gunnery, or guided missles.
Warning areas contain the same hazards, but are located in international airspace |
| What is a prohibited area? | Locations where flight is prohibited (examples include the white house and the U.S. capital building) |
| How are Military Training Routes (MTRs) designated at or below 1,500 AGL? | 4 digits after IR or VR (Example VR1351, IR1007) |
| How are Military Training Routes (MTRs) designated above 1,500 AGL? | 3 digits after IR or VR (Example IR341, VR426) |
| What does IR mean? | IFR Military Training Route. Operations are conducted in accordance with instrument flight rules |
| What doe VR mean? | VFR Military Training Routes. Operations are conducted in accordance with visual flight rules. |
| What elevation are aircraft requested to be at above national Parks, National Monuments, Wilderness and Primitive Areas, and National Wildlife Refuges? | At least 2,000 feet above the surface. |
| Is Class B, C, and D airspace on sectional charts shown as AGL or MSL? | Mean Sea Level (MSL) |
| The Lateral dimensions of Class D airspace are based on? | As needed for each individual circumstance. The airspace may include extensions necessary for IFR arrival and departure paths (Typically 4 NM in radius centered around a designated airport ) |
| The typical outer radius limits of Class C airspaces are? | 20 NM |
| How would you find out if an MOA is active? | Refer to the legend for the special use airspace phone number. Any Flight Service Station (FSS) within 100 miles of the area will provide information concerning MOA hours and operation. |
| How is the CTAF designated on sectional charts? | CTAF is indicated by a solid dot with the letter "C" inside |
| When ATC authorization is not required, remote pilots are encouraged to monitor what frequency? | CTAF (Common Traffic Advisory Frequency) |
| Where can you find information about operating in an MOA along your planned route of flight? | Sectional Charts. You can find information pertaining to the MOA on the back of the sectional, including times of operations, altitudes affected, and the controlling agency |
| What does the small flag represent on a sectional chart? | The small flag symbol represents a visual checkpoint used by manned aircraft. As defined checkpoints, A higher volume of traffic should be expected. |
| On sectional charts, what are the blue-tinted bands showing the airways number following the letter "V" called? | Victor Airways |
| The recommended entry position for manned aircraft to enter an airport traffic pattern is? | to ender 45 degrees at the midpoint of the downwind leg at traffic pattern altitude |
| What is required to enter an airport SIDA? | You must have an airport-issued or approved ID |
| How is the effective scanning technique defined? | Each eye movement should not exceed 10 degrees
Each area should be observed for at least one second |
| How does P-Static (static electricity buildup) occur on a sUAS? | When an aircraft in flight comes in contact with rain, snow, fog, sleet, hail, volcanic ash, dust (any solid or liquid particles) |
| What can be attached to aircraft to mitigates the concerns (disrupted communication between the CS and the aircraft) or P-Static buidup? | Static dischargers |
| What are the concerns with P-Static buildup? | 1.) Can cause a luminous glow ("cornona")
2.) Static Discharge ("St. Elmo's Fire")
3.) Disrupt communications between the CS and the sUA |
| Guy wires, which support antenna towers, can extend horizontally; therefore, the towers should be avoided horizontally by at least? | 2,000 feet horizontally |
| When two aircraft are approaching head on, what should be done? | Each pilot of each aircraft (regardless of category or size) shall alter course to the right |
| Every physical process of weather is accompanied by, or is the result of, a..? | Heat Exchange |
| What would result from a temperature inversion? | Stable air with very little, if any, convective activity |
| Clouds, fog, or dew will always form when..? | Water Vapor condenses |
| Over what types of ground would a pilot expect to find convective currents (Thermals) like updrafts? | Plowed gound, rocks, sand, barren land, pavement, and urban areas (give off a large amount of heat and are likely to develop updrafts) |
| Over what types of ground would a pilot expect to find convective currents (thermals) like downdrafts? | Water, trees, and other areas of vegetation (Tend to absorb and retain heat and are likely to result in downdrafts) |
| What is Wind Shear | A sudden, drastic change in wind speed and/or direction over a very small area. It can exist at all altitudes. |
| An elongated area of high pressure is called a? | Ridge |
| An elongated area of low pressure is called a? | Trough |
| As an air mass moves away from its source region and begins to take on the properties of the underlying new surface. This is called....? | Air Mass Modification |
| All fronts lie in......? | Troughs |
| Cold fronts are the leading edge of advancing cold air masses and are often accompanied by..... | Poor weather ahead of the front, and passes relatively quickly.
More severe cold fronts can also produce thunderstorms, hail, and tornadoes |
| Warm fronts are the leading edge of advancing warm air masses and are often associated with....? | Lowered cloud ceilings, increased precipitation, and reduced visibilities.
Typically move about half as fast as cold fronts and have more widespread impact on weather |
| Frontal passage will be indicated by what discontinuities? | 1.) A temperature change
2.) A continuous decrease in pressure followed by an increase as the front passes
3.) A shift in the wind direction, speed, or both |
| One weather phenomenon which will always occur when flying across a font is a change in the...? | Wind direction |
| What weather provides the best flying conditions? | Cool, dry air |
| The zone between different temperature, humidity, and wind is called....? | A front |
| What is the resistance of the atmosphere to vertical motion called...? | Atmospheric stability |
| An unstable atmosphere allows an upward or downward disturbance to grow into a.....? | vertical (convective) current |
| A stable layer of air would be associated with....? | A temperature inversion (a condition in which warm air is situated above cool or cold air) |
| What are some characteristics of unstable air? | Cumuliform clouds
Showery precipitation
Rough air (turbulence)
Good visibility except in blowing obstructions |
| What are some characteristics of stable air? | Stratiform clods and fog
Continuous precipitation
Smooth air
Fair to poor visibility in haze and smoke |
| What measurements can be used to determine the stability of the atmosphere? | Actual Lapse Rate |
| The visibility requirements for sUAS operation from the CS is at least? | 3 SM |
| What would decrease the stability of the air mass? | Warming from below |
| How long does a remote PIC have to report a reportable accident to the FAA? | 10 days |
| What qualifies an accident as reportable? | 1.) Serious Injury to any person or any loss of consciousness (Level 3 or higher on the AIS)
2.) Damage to any property, other than the sUA, if the cost is greater than $500 to repair or replace the property (whichever is lower)
Note: both the fair market value and the repair cost have to be greater than $500 for the incident to be reportable |
| Where should an accident report, if one is required, be submitted? | The appropriate ROC or FSDO or by telephone |
| What qualifies as a serious injury? | Level 3 or higher on the AIS
Would be consider serious if a person requires hospitalization, and the injury is fully reversible. Examples include but are not limited to head trauma, broken bone(s), and laceration(s) to the skin that require suturing |
