After fertilization, the egg cell's membrane changes to prevent additional sperm from entering, ensuring the correct amount of DNA in the resulting embryo.

The gel-like substance within a cell, containing organelles and other cellular structures.

Cytoplasm

What is the role of the cytoplasm in an egg cell?

The cytoplasm of an egg cell contains nutrients that nourish the developing embryo after fertilization.

The early stage of development of a multicellular organism following fertilization.

Embryo

How does the egg cell support embryo development?

The egg cell provides nutrients in its cytoplasm to nourish the developing embryo, supporting its growth and development.

A specialized cell with hair-like structures called cilia on its surface, found lining certain parts of the body such as the airways and oviducts.

Ciliated Epithelial Cell

Where are ciliated epithelial cells commonly found in the body?

Ciliated epithelial cells are commonly found lining parts of the body such as the airways and oviducts.

Hair-like structures protruding from the surface of cells, capable of rhythmic beating movements.

Cilia

What is the function of cilia on ciliated epithelial cells in the airways?

In the airways, the cilia on ciliated epithelial cells beat rhythmically to sweep away mucus and other particles, preventing them from damaging the lungs.

A sticky, viscous fluid secreted by mucous membranes, serving to trap dust, bacteria, and other particles.

Mucus

How does mucus contribute to respiratory health?

Mucus traps bacteria, dust, and other particles in the airways, preventing them from reaching and damaging the lungs.

A duct through which eggs pass from an ovary to the uterus or to the outside of the body, also known as a fallopian tube.

Oviduct

What role do ciliated epithelial cells play in the oviducts of women?

In the oviducts, ciliated epithelial cells help move the egg cell along the oviduct towards the uterus, facilitating its journey for potential fertilization.

The process of combining genetic material from a sperm cell and an egg cell to form a zygote.

Fertilization

Why is the movement of egg cells facilitated by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct important?

The movement of egg cells facilitated by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct is crucial for transporting the egg cell to the uterus, where fertilization may occur.

The organ in the female reproductive system where a fertilized egg can implant and develop into a fetus.

Uterus

What is the ultimate destination of an egg cell moved by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct?

The ultimate destination of an egg cell moved by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct is the uterus, where it can potentially implant and develop into a fetus.

The process by which food is broken down in the body into smaller, absorbable components.

Digestion

What happens to mucus swallowed after being swept to the back of the throat by ciliated epithelial cells?

Mucus swallowed after being swept to the back of the throat by ciliated epithelial cells is broken down during digestion.

A unit of length equal to one millionth of a meter, commonly used to measure small structures such as cells.

Micrometre

What is the abbreviation for micrometre?

The abbreviation for micrometre is µm.

The basic structural and functional unit of living organisms, typically microscopic in size.

Cell

What is the typical size range of plant and animal cells?

Plant and animal cells are typically about 10 to 100 micrometres across.

A single-celled microorganism belonging to the domain Bacteria, typically much smaller than plant and animal cells.

Bacterial Cell

How do the sizes of bacterial cells compare to those of plant and animal cells?

Bacterial cells are typically smaller than plant and animal cells, ranging from about 0.5 to 5 micrometres across.

The basic unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 100 centimetres or approximately 39.37 inches.

Metre

What is the relationship between a micrometre and a metre?

A micrometre is equal to one millionth of a metre (1 × 10-6 m), or approximately 0.000001 metres.

The physical dimensions or magnitude of an object, organism, or structure, often measured in units such as metres or micrometres.

Size

Why are micrometres commonly used to measure small structures like cells?

Micrometres are commonly used to measure small structures like cells because they provide a suitable scale for describing the microscopic dimensions of these biological entities.

The process of making an approximate calculation or judgement based on limited information or assumptions.

Estimation

When is estimation useful in biology?

Estimation is useful in biology when it is difficult to measure or count actual values, such as when dealing with large numbers of organisms or very small structures.

The process of determining the size, length, or amount of something using standard units or instruments.

Measurement