• Pathology/etiology: asbestos exposure; the toxic asbestos fibers become trapped in the spaces between the mesothelial cells. o Asbestos fibers cause cancerous cells to divide abnormally, resulting in the thickening of the pleural membrane, and typically creating pleural effusion. o The fluid begins to place pressure on the lungs and the respiratory system in general, causing dyspnea and hypoxia. • Clinical manifestations: persistent dry or raspy cough, hemoptysis, dysphagia, dyspnea, persistent pain in the chest or rib area, night sweats or fever. • Treatment: chemotherapy or radiation