Infant acute respiratory distress syndrome. o Pathology/etiology: lack of surfactant; high alveolar surface tension. Premature infants, <28 weeks. Hyaline-type membrane formation on alveoli, atelectasis. o Clinical manifestations: rapid, shallow breaths, inward chest movement upon inspiration, cyanosis, flared nostrils, swollen limbs, grunting exhales. o Treatment: surfactant replacement therapy