Name: Advanced Nutrition
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Advanced Nutrition - Detalles

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Preguntas:

268 preguntas

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Eating behaviour is habitual. True or false?

True

Conditioned behaviour

Habit

Social

Senses

Mood

Hormones

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell in anticipation of receiving food. True or false?

True

The way food smells is an example of which factor that influences our eating habits?

Our senses

Always having a roast on a Sunday is an example of which factor that influences our eating habits?

Habit

A religion with main feasting days eg: Christmas, Easter and Shrove Tuesdays?

Christianity

A religion which is largely vegetarian and do not eat beef?

Hinduism

A religion which does not eat pork and all meat must be 'kosher', also meat and veg is prepared separately?

Judaism

A religion which only eats halal, doesn't eat pork and during the 9th month age 12+ may not eat or drink during daylight

Islam

Exercise is a good way of relieving tension and the tactic of substituting one coping mechanism for a healthier one. True or false?

True

Symptoms occur rapidly from tingling in the mouth and skin rash to life threatening swelling of the throat making it difficult to breath

Allergy

Symptoms are delayed and long lasting involving the digestive system, including bloating and diarrhoea

Intolerance

Symptoms of dislike and avoiding the food

Aversion

A real food allergy involves a reaction of the immune system

True

People who lose their sense of smell often experience a loss in appetite?

True

Lifestyle is a greater influence on obesity levels than genetics?

True

Most overweight people have a genetic disorder

False

What type of cues are hunger and satiety?

Physiological

A balanced diet is defined as one that contains a well-proportioned amount of all food groups. It needs to contain adequate levels of both macro and micronutrients. Consuming sufficient fluids and matching energy intake

True

The amounts that are set out in Report 41 are based on the amounts of certain nutrients to combat disease or optimal health?

Combat disease

What is the name of the USA food model?

MyPlate

What is the name of Greece's food model?

MyPyramid

What is the name of China's food model?

MyPagoda

Finish the following sentence. The salivary glands are connected to the___

Mouth

Finish the following sentence. The billiard or bile system, consisting of the liver and gall bladder, is connected to the___

Small intestine

Fill in the gap. The ___ is connected at a point along the small intestine

Pancreas

What is external to the digestive track but are essential to the digestive process providing additional digestive juices and fluids to help the whole digestive process?

Accessory organs

Where does the majority of absorption happen in the digestive process?

Small intestine

Alcohol and aspirin are absorbed through the stomach?

True

Which organ produces acid and enzymes that partially break down food?

Stomach

The small intestine produces ___ to help digest protein, carbs, and fat?

Enzymes

Which organ produces bile which is stored in the gall bladder and then released into the small intestine to help digest fat?

Liver

Which organ produces enzymes which are released into the small intestine to break down proteins, carbs and fat?

Pancreas

When food is broken down into their component parts, where are they transpoted?

Circulatory system

What percentage of food we ingest is made available for the body to use?

95%

Which enzyme breaks down carbs?

Amylase

Which vitamin helps prevent the development of Pernicious anaemia?

B12

The stomach is a large muscle made from protein and gastric intrinsic factor?

True

What is secreted in the throat?

Mucus

Where does the digestion of carbs commence?

Mouth

What is digested in the stomach?

Protein Carbs

Enzymes released by the pancreas assist in the digestion of?

Protein Carbs Fat

Bile salts released by the liver assist in the digestion of?

Lipids (fat)

The contents of the digestive track are considered to be outside the body

True

Where do the contents of digestive track go before entering the stomach?

Oesophagus

The gastric juice secreted by the stomach contains nitric acid?

False

Bile is secreted by the pancreas

False

What do you call 2 amino acids joined together?

Dipeptide

What do you call the bond that joins the amino acids together?

Peptide bond

What do you call multiple amino acids joined together?

Polypeptide

Polypeptides contain hundreds of amino acids. What do we call this?

Protein

Which type of protein is a ball like structure and water-soluble which is involved in the metabolic process such as transporting and controlling biological processes. Include enzymes used in digestion, plasma, and hormones such as insulin?

Globular proteins

Which type of protein is globular water-soluble and carries oxygen in red blood cells of all vertebrates, Also collects Carbon dioxide and is in a spiral shape?

Haemoglobin

Which type of protein forms long rod-like fibres in sequences of amino acids and are water in-soluble. Structural roles in creating tissues, tendons and muscle fibres. Examples are keratins and collagens?

Fibrous proteins

Fibrous proteins are involved in metabolism?

False

An enzyme is an example of a globular protein?

True

Haemoglobin

Transportation

Regulation

Insulin

Structural

Collagen

Animal proteins are complete proteins with a high biological value?

True

Plant proteins are incomplete and have a low biological value?

True

Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonin, Tryptophan and Valine

EEAs

When consuming protein exceeding the body's protein need, some may be used as energy or converted to fat and stored

True

What is the name of the process in which amino acids are broken down?

Deamination

The nitrogen component in amino acids are converted into urea and passed out?

True

What supplements are needed for vegans?

Vitamin B12

Eating vitamin C-rich foods along with iron-rich foods will greatly improve absorption of iron, tea and coffee impairs absorption?

True

Daily iron requirement for women?

15-18mg

Daily iron requirement for men?

10mg

Daily requirement for vitamin B-12?

1.5 ug

Daily requirement for calcium?

1000-12000 mg

Daily requirement for zinc?

15 mg

Poor resistance to illness is an indication of low protein

True

Which enzymes release amino acids by breaking peptide bonds between them?

Proteases

Hydrolysis is the decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with ___?

Water

In the stomach Hydrochloric acid reacts with the enzyme pepsinogen and converts it to pepsin, the active form of pepsinogen.

True

Protease is a group of enzymes and includes pepsin that begins protein catabolism by hydrolysis or breaking down of the peptide bonds of proteins?

True

Pepsinogen is not in its active form in the stomach to avoid the enzyme digesting the proteins of the stomach wall. This is what happens with a peptic ulcer- its the body ___

Self-digesting

Shorter polypeptides move from the stomach in to the ___ where the pancreas releases a range of protease enzymes

Duodenum

Protease enzymes break the peptides down into___?

Dipeptides

Dipeptides move o the small intestine where the brush border enzymes break the dipeptides down into single ___

Amino acids

What do you call the bristles of the brush border in the small intestine?

Villus

Inside each villus is a network of ___ _____ and lymph vessels

Blood capillaries

Amino acids compete with each other for the use of the protein carriers to get themselves across the intestinal mucosa

True

What do you call the process of moving amino acids across the intestinal mucosa and involves proteins that are built into the mucosal cell walls?

Facilitated diffusion

Once across the membrane wall the amino acid travels in the blood via the hepatic portal vein, back to the ___

Liver

Pepsinogen is secreted by gastric chief cells of the stomach and is converted into the enzyme pepsin to chemically breakdown protein

True

The shorter peptide chains contain fewer amino acids and moves from the stomach to duodenum where a range of protease enzymes are secreted by the

Pancreas

Digestion is completed in the small intestine from the brush border enzymes located there?

True

Pepsinogen

Stomach

Proteases

Pancreas

Brush border enzymes

Small intestine

Supplementing free & single amino acids will impair absorption of other amino acids and the greatest concentration of aminos will be absorbed preferentially over other amino acids

True

Hydrochloric acid in the stomach converts the enzyme pepsinogen into pepsin

True

What breaks down peptides?

Protease enzymes

Brush border enzymes break down the dipeptides into smaller amino acids

True

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