E. Benztropine and trihexyphenidyl

These agents are centrally acting antimuscarinic agents that have been used for many years in the treatment of Parkinson disease. With the advent of other drugs (for example, levodopa/carbidopa), they have been largely replaced. However, benztropine and trihexyphenidyl are useful as adjuncts with other antiparkinsonian agents to treat all types of parkinsonian syndromes, including antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms. These drugs may be helpful in geriatric patients who cannot tolerate stimulants.