What does type I HS include?

➢ Type I HS include atopic diseases, which are an exaggerated IgE mediated immune responses (i.e., allergic: asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and dermatitis), and allergic diseases, which are immune responses to foreign allergens (i.e., anaphylaxis, urticaria, angioedema, food, and drug allergies). ➢ The development of food allergy is multifactorial, and there is a complex interplay between environmental factors that may contribute to the risk of food allergy. ➢ While there is strong evidence to support the early introduction of allergenic solids to reduce the risk of food allergy, early introduction alone is unlikely to be sufficient to prevent all food allergy. ➢ The Dual-allergen exposure hypothesis suggests that early life exposure to allergens through the skin causes Tcell skewing towards allergic type Th2 cells (IL-4, IL-5, IL13) and subsequent food allergy, whereas early oral exposure causes T-cell skewing towards tolerance (subsets of Th1 and Treg IFNg, TNFa, IL-10, TGFb)