What is the incretin effect?

After ingesting a meal, GI releases incretins (active GLP1 and GIP) leading to activation of insulin secretion and decrease in glucagon secretion 70% of individual insulin secretion after a meal is due to incretins. GLP1 (from L cells of ileum and colon, stimulates insulin response, inhibits gastric emptying, glucagon, reduces food intake) GIP (released from K cells of duodenum, similar effects, minimal gastric emptying effect Gut, immune cells and Enteroendocrine cells are targets for control of inflammation of gut mucosa by GLP1