A.fib/A.flutter: Antiarrhythmic treatment

Rate control: can completely resolve symptoms - 1st line : Beta-blockers (metoprolol) & CCBs ( verapamil, diltiazem) - 2nd line: Digoxin if HF present - if ineffective: Amiodarone (and cannot tolerate first line) Rhythm control: to restore sinus rhythm / if rate control unsuccessful - Cardioversion: electrical or chemical by anti-arrhythmic drugs eg Class 1a /9quinidine, procainamide), Class 1b( flecainamide) Class III (Amiodarone/sotalol )