| Osteoartheritis is the least common artheritis. True or False? | What is the most common type of artheritis? |
| - Lumbosacral spine.
- Hip.
- Knee.
- Foot: First Metatarsophalangeal Joints
- Hands: distal interphalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP) and base of the thumb.
... are the most effected areas in Osteoartheritis? True or False? | What body parts are most often effected by Osteoartheritis? |
| Hip, Elbow, Ankle are the most effected areas in Osteoartheritis? True or False? | What joints do Osteoartheritis spare? |
| Maybe because their particular cartilages are uniquely resistant to loading stress that these 3 joints are resistant to osteoartheritis? | Why might the hip, elbow and ankle be particularly resistant to Osteoartheritis? |
| _____________ is joint failure, a disease in which all structures of the joint have undergone pathologic changes, often at the same time. | What causes Osteoartheritis? |
| Repeated joint injury via failure of protective mechanisms causes what? | What causes joint failure? |
| ____________ Reduces friction between articular cartilage and the surface by providing lubrication. | What does synovial fluid do? |
| Lubricin is secreted by the ______ ______ in the joint capsule? | What is secreted by the synovial fibroblast? |
| Joint injury or synovial inflammation causes ________ to decrease secretion. | Lubricin decreases secretion after _________ or _________? |
| _______ and _______ contain mechanoreceptors that signals the spinal cord to adjust loading. | Ligaments and Tendons contain ____________ that signals the spinal cord to adjust loading. |
| 1) provide power and acceleration for the limb.
2) minimize focal stress across the joint by distributing the impact | The contractions of muscles and tendons do what (2)? |
| _________ causes compressive stiffness to cartillage. | Aggrecan causes ________ ________ to cartillage. |
| Chondrocyte, collegen and aggrecan make up __________. | Cartillage is made up of what 3 things? |
| The substance between cells or in which structures are embedded is called. | What is "matrix"? |
| Chondrocytes synthesize what? | What synthesizes the elements of "matrix"? |
| Healthy cartillage is indicated by what 3 traits? | What are the following traits indicative of?
- Is metabolically sluggish.
- Has a slow matrix turnover.
- Has synthesis and degradation in balance. |
| - Previous damage (e.g., meniscectomy).
- Weakness of bridging muscles.
- Increasing bone density.
- Misalignment (e.g., varus and valgus).
- Proprioceptive deficiencies (e.g., diabetes).
- Obesity
These increase the likelihood of what joint disease? | What are 3 non-genetic factors that might lead to osteoartheritis? |
| Bone spurs are also called...? | What's another name for "osteophytes"? |
| Cartilage degeneration and irregularity.
Cartilage erosion.
Thickness and sclerosis/hardening of the subchondral bony plate (between shaft/head).
Mild synovitis (not in all cases of OA)/swelling
Outgrowth of osteophytes/spurs at the joint margin.
Swollen and fibrotic capsule. | Pathological symptoms of Osteoartheritis? (5 or 6) |
| Synovial inflamation, joint effusion/fluid, bone marrow edema/swelling, capsular stretching are causes of pain in this joint disease. | What causes Osteoartheritic pain? |
| What is the medical term for "swelling"? | What is "edema"? |
| "Water on the knee"? is medically called ________? | What is "joint effusion"? |
| Morning stiffness
Deep, aching joint pain (increases with activity)
Crepitous (Cracking Sound)
Reduced Range of Motion
Joint effusion/swelling
Bone spurs | What are the CLINICAL FEATURES of Osteoartheritis? |
| The cracking quality of a joint is called ______? | What is "crepitus"? |
| _________ nodes: osteophytes at the distal phalanges joints (DIP). | Heberden nodes: osteophytes at the _IP joints. |
| _________ nodes: osteophytes at the proximal phalanges joints (PIP). | Bouchard nodes: osteophytes at the _IP joints. |
| To alleviate pain.
To minimize loss of physical function.
To prevent from further damage
This is the process of treating what? | The goals, when treating osteoartheritis, are: |
| - Avoid activities that overload the joint
- Improving the strength and conditioning of the muscles that bridge the joint.
- Redistribute the load (use of a brace or aid)
- Exercise
- Alignment Correction via treatment or brace.
These are advised to people with ___________. | What are non-pharmacological treatments for Osteoartheritis? |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are also abbreviated as ______? | What does NSAID mean? |
| True. | True or false: NSAIDS are effective in treating Osteopartheritis? |
| False. Chondrocyte transplantation has NOT been found to be efficient in OA, perhaps because OA includes pathology of joint mechanics, which is NOT corrected by chondrocyte transplantation. | Chondrocyte transplantation has been found to be efficient in treating OA. True or False. |
