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level: TOXICOLOGY 1 - AIR POLLUTANTS

Questions and Answers List

level questions: TOXICOLOGY 1 - AIR POLLUTANTS

Question	Answer
colorless, tasteless, odorless & non-irritating gas	Carbon monoxide / CO
combines irreversibly on oxygen-binding sites of hemoglobin; has affinity 220x more than of oxygen	Carbon monoxide / CO
Specific antagonist of CO; Treatment for CO poisoning	Oxygen
The by-product of CO-Hb complex; Interferes with the dissociation from the remaining oxyhemoglobin	Carboxyhemoglobin
Reduces the transfer of oxygen to the tissues	Carboxyhemoglobin
Treatment for CO poisoning	Hypothermic Therapy, Oxygen
TRUE or FALSE: During CO poisoning of a patient, OXYGEN THERAPY on high concentrations may contribute to the development of ARDS	TRUE
<15% Carboxyhemoglobin	head ache, malaise
25% Carboxyhemoglobin	decreased attention span & fine motor coordination
40% Carboxyhemoglobin	collapse & syncope
>60% Carboxyhemoglobin	Death - irreversible damage to the brain & heart
How to perform Oxygen Therapy on a CO-intoxicated patient?	High concentrations of O2 for a SHORT period of time
colorless, irritant gas generated from combuston of sulfur-containing fossil fuels	Sulfur Dioxide / SO2
Inhalation of Sulfur Dioxide / SO2 would cause?	bronchoconstriction, profuse brochorrhea
Clinical effects of Sulfur Dioxide / SO2	Inc. bronchial secretions
Treatment for Sulfur Dioxide / SO2 poisoning?	Supportive / symptomatic treatment
After contact of Sulfur Dioxide / SO2 on moist membranes, it forms __________	sulfuric acid
In Sulfur Dioxide / SO2 poisoning, this substance is responsible for the SEVERE IRRITANT EFFECTS on the eyes, mucus membranes & skin	Sulfuric Acid
Formed from fresh "silage" (grass / other green fodder) stored in an airtight silo	Nitrogen Oxide
Inhalation damages the lung infrastructure that produces the surfactant; therefore, capable of producing: 1. NON-CARDIOGENIC PULMONARY EDEMA, 2. ACUTE ARDS	Nitrogen Oxide
Type of alveolar cells affected upon exposure to Nitrogen Oxide	Type 1 Alveolar Cells
It is an absorbant of UV light at high altitude. However, it is a pollutant on ground level	Ozone / O3