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level: nutrients

Questions and Answers List

level questions: nutrients

Question	Answer
- cells require nutrients to supply energy and matter synthesis - organic or inorganic	nutrients
- small molecules and only a few atoms - may contain carbon - sodium chloride, calcium carbonate	inorganic
- carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and vitamins - large molecules and lots of them - always contain carbon - usually contains hydrogen and oxygen	organic
- contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (CHO) - twice as many hydrogen and oxygen atoms - monosaccharide: a simple sugar or single unit sugar, glucose - disaccharide: two monosaccharide molecules joined together, sucrose - polysacchraride: a large number of monosaccharides joined together, starch, glycogen, cellulose	carbohydrates
- contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen (CHON) - many also contain sulphur and phosphorus - made up of 100 or more amino acids - peptide bond: a bond between two amino acids - dipeptide: two amino acids joined by a peptide bond - polypeptide: ten or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds	protein
- contain carbon, hydrogen and little oxygen (CHO) - each fat molecule is made up of one molecule of glycerol and one-three molecules of fatty acid - most are insoluble in water - monoglyceride: glycerol and one molecule of fatty acid - diglyceride: glycerol and two molecules of fatty acid - triglyceride: glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid	lipids
- large molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus (CHONP) - nucleotides: the units that make up nuclei acids - DNA and RNA	nucleic acid