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level: Macronutrient

Questions and Answers List

Protein

level questions: Macronutrient

QuestionAnswer
What is protein made up ofAmino Acids
List 4 uses of protein1. Growth 2. Repair of organs 3. Maintenance- producing antibodies to prevent illness 4. Secondary Source of Energy
What kind of amino acids do humans have in their body and what amino acids do they need to gain by eatingnon-essential amino acids, essential amino acids
What does HBV stand for?high biological value
What food source can you find HBV the most. Then, state two examples of foods.animal source, chicken and soya beans
What type of amino acids do HBV containhave all essential amino acids that human need
What does LBV stand forlow biological value
What food source can you only find LBV. Then, list two examples of the foodsplant-based foods (cereal, nuts)
Does LBV contain all the essential amino acids that human need?no
what is protein complementationway to make sure that we get all essential amino acid by combining various of LBV foods together
Give 1 example of protein complementationpeanut butter is LBV and bread too. Therefore peanut butter sandwich is made.
What are the 4 protein alternatives?Soya beans, Mycoprotein, Textured Vegetable Protein, Tofu
Are soya beans HBV or LBV?HBV
How is mycoprotein made?combining fungus and egg white, vegans version is made using potato starch
What does TVP stand forTextured Vegetable Protein
What are tofu made ofCurdled soya milk
What is the average amount of protein needed by male and female adults in a day?55g, 45g
What kind of people need more protein?pregnant women, child and adolescent
What are the consequences of consuming excess of protein?strain livers and kidneys
What are the 3 consequences of not consuming enough proteinhair loss, slow growth, poor digestion
What are the two diseases caused by deficiency of proteinKwashiorkor and oedema
What does oedema meanswelling caused by build up of fluid
List 4 reasons why we need fat?1. Provide energy 2. forming cholesterol 3. providing insulation (heat) 4. source of vitamin (ADEK)
What is the definition of cholesterol?a vital component of cell membrane
What are fat made up of?Triglycerides (esters formed form fatty acids and glycerol)
What are fatty acids?chains of carbon atom bonded to hydrogen atoms
What is the chemical bond for saturated fat?single C-C bond
What is the chemical bond for unsaturated fat?one or more C=C double bond
saturated fat are from what food source and what state is it at room temperature?animal source, solid
Unsaturated fat are from what food source and what state is it at room temperaturevegetable source with high-fat content, liquid
What are the two types of unsaturated fatmonosaturated and polysaturated fats
What is the difference between monosaturated fat and polysaturated fat?monosaturated have one C=C double bond, polysaturated has two or more C=C double bond
What are examples of monosaturated fatavocado, hazelnuts
What are examples of polysaturated fatwalnuts, seeds
What are the amount of fat most that an adult needs to intake daily70g (less than 20g saturated)
How many percentage of fat is needed in the daily food intake? And also saturated fat35% and saturated fat 11%
What are the three consequences of excess of fatgaining weight, raise cholesterol level, high blood pressure
What are the three diseases caused by excess of fatobesity, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart diseases
What happens of fat to cause cholesterol level to risefat restricts the flow of blood around body by clogging blood vessels
What are the three consequences of deficiency of fatless insulation (heat), loss weight, dont get enough fat soluble vitamin (ADEK) which causes bones cruises easier
What are two major types of carbohydrateSugar and starch
Is sugar simple or complex? What is sugar also called as?Simple, it is also called as 'empty calories' as it supplies energy without providing any nutritional benefits
Is starch simple or complex carbs? What are three examples of starchy food? Those foods contain what three types of micronutrients?Complex. paste, rice, beans. Vitamin B, Iron, Calcium
Bodies converts starch and sugar into what?glucose, it is then absorbed in blood and converted into energy
Where are carbohydrate stored in the bodyLiver and muscles
What are the two examples of complex carbohydratestarch polysaccharides
Why are energy released slower in complex carbohydrateBecause it cannot be digested as quickly as simple carbs therefore raises blood sugar more slowly
What are the two types of sugar molecule in simple carbsmonosaccharides and disaccharides
what are monosaccharides and list two examples of itbasic sugar molecules. Glucose and fructose
What are disaccharides and list one example of ittwo monosaccharides. surcose
Why does simple carbohydrate have short energy burst?it digests quickly, which raises blood sugar level faster
What does the GI stand forGlycaemic Index
What is a Glycaemic Indexranks carbs on how quickly they change blood sugar level
What are the two things that high GI foods do. What are the 3 examples of high GI foods?High GI foods are digest by body rapidly, causing quicker raise of blood sugar level. White bread, White rice, Rice cakes
What are the two things that low GI foods do. What are the 3 examples of low GI foods?Low GI foods are digest by the body slowly, causing slow changes on blood sugar level. Lentils, sweet potato, whole wheat bread
What kind of people uses Glycaemic Indexdiabetics people
How many percentage from the daily energy intake is carbs?50%, 5% from added sugar
What are the 4 consequences of excess of carbstooth decay, type 2 diabetes, high blood sugar level, build up fat
What are the 4 consequences of deficiency of carbslow blood sugar level, weight loss, fat deficiency, protein deficiency
What are starch?It is a form of carbohydrates, referred to non-starch polysaccharide or roughage
What are the 5 sources of fiberfruits, vegetables, beans and pulses, nuts and seeds, wholegrain breakfast cereals
What are the 5 deficiency of fiber?weight gain, high blood pressure, heart disease, bowel cancer, constipation
What are the amount of fiber needed for a day30g for adults and lesser for children