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level: Introduction based with notes

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Introduction based with notes

Question	Answer
the body of knowledge concerned with the action of chemicals on biologic systems.	pharmacology
is the area of pharmacology concerned with the use of chemicals in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, especially in humans	medical pharmacology
the area of pharmacology concerned with the undesirable effects of chemicals on biologic systems	toxicology
describes the effects of the body on drugs, eg, absorption, metabolism, excretion,	pharmacokinetics
denotes the actions of the drug on the body, such as mechanism of action and therapeutic and toxic effects.	pharmacodynamics
An effect on the in utero development of an organism resulting in abnormal structure or function; not generally heritable	Teratogenic
An effect of inducing malignant characteristics	carcinogenic
An effect on the inheritable characteristics of a cell or organism—a mutation in the DNA; usually tested in microorganisms with the Ames test	mutagenic
A specialized molecule, usually a protein, that carries a drug, transmitter, or other molecule across a membrane in which it is not permeable, eg, Na+/K+ ATPase, serotonin reuptake transporter.	Transporter
Movement of a molecule through the biologic medium	permeation
Absorption of material across a cell membrane by enclosing it in cell membrane mate-rial and pulling it into the cell, where it can be processed or released	endocytosis
Expulsion of mate-rial from vesicles in the cell into the extracellular space	exocytosis
Study of the mechanisms of action of drugs within the body and how drugs produce their effects in the body	pharmacodynamics
Study of drug reactions in the body that are unanticipated or unusual, and may have a hereditary basis for the response pharmacokinetics Study of drug actions as they move through the body; the way the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes and excretes drugs; mathematical study of drugs based on time and dose	pharmacokinetics
Study of biologically active compounds, how they react in the body and how the body reacts to them	pharmacology
Study of drugs used to prevent, treat or diagnose disease	pharmacotherapeutics
Study of harmful or poisonous effects of drugs	toxicology