| Measures the safety and usefulness of the drugs: | therapeutic index |
| Most common side effect of chloramphenicol: | aplastic anemia |
| Most common side effect of aminoglycosides: | ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity |
| Most common side effect of clindamycin: | pseudomembranous colitis |
| Most common side effect of rifampicin: | orange discoloration of urine |
| Where can you find kernicterus as its side effect? | sulfonamide |
| Drug of choice for typhoid fever: | chloramphenicol |
| Drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis: | vancomycin |
| drug of choice for herpes zoster (shingles) infection: | acyclovir |
| Drug of choice for trichomoniasis: | metronidazole |
| This anti-infective agent has disulfiram-like effect when taken with alcoholic beverages: | metronidazole |
| This drug can be used for both PTB and leprosy: | rifampicin |
| Vitamin given to prevent pernicious anemia: | cobalamine |
| Antiviral agent also used for leukemia: | vidarabine |
| Vitamin which has an antisterility effect: | vitamin E |
| Mechanism of action of aminoglycosides: | inhibit protein synthesis |
| Mechanism of action of sulfonamides: | inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell wall |
| Mechanism of action of erythromycin: | inhibit protein synthesis |
| Mechanism of action of nystatin: | inhibit ergosterol |
| Mechanism of action of isoniazid: | inhibit mycolic acid |
| antihelmintic agent | Niclosamide |
| antimalarial agent | Quinine |
| A patient is being treated for nighttime sedation. Which alteration in warfarin dosage is indicated? | a decrease because its metabolism has been inhibited |
| Displacement of a drug from plasma binding sites would usually be expected to: | increase tissue levels of the drug |
| Widely used in cancer management that are classified as steroid hormone: | prednisolone & prednisone |
| the ff. are the effects of morphine: | respiratory depression |
| Long-acting anti-diabetic agents: | protamine zinc insulin suspension |
| The ff. are antidotes for morphine poisoning: | naloxone & naltrexone |
| The ff. are non-narcotic analgesics: | acetylsalicylic acid |
| Type of epilepsy which involves the spread of electrical firing in a single hemisphere of the brain: | partial |
| Richest source of vitamin A: | fish liver oil |
| Which of the following effect/s of histamines are mediated through H2 receptors, : | uterine relaxation |
| Drug used to treat amoebiasis can be categorized as the following, | luminal |
| An antiviral drug used for parkinsonism which releases dopamine from storage vesicles: | amantidine |
| Drug of choice for mania: | lithium carbonate |
| Vitamin K deficiency state: | hemorrhage |
| Type of general seizure which involves the abnormal movement of muscles: | myoclonic seizures |
| is effective in the management of gastric acid hypersecretion and symptoms relief with Zollinger- Ellison syndrome: | omeprazole |
| Oral hypoglycemic drugs, | tolbutamide |
| Isoniazid may produce peripheral neuropathy and can be prevented by co-administration of: | vitamin B6 |
| Most potent member of the general anesthetics: | methoxyflurane |
| A Phenobarbital derivative which is used in combination therapy for types of epilepsy: | primidone |
| Precursor of Vitamin D3: | cholesterol |
| Responsible for calcification of bone and renal phosphate clearance: | sulfonamide |
| The H2 histamine receptor lockers are of great value in treating patients with: | Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |
| Thyroid function is controlled by the tropic hormone | thyrotropin-stimulating hormone |
| Which of the following penicillin/s is/are penicillinase-resistant? | cloxacillin & oxacillin |
| Agent that facilitates the expulsion of gases from the GIT: | anti-flatulents |
| First line drug against all common intestinal nematodes: | mebendazole |
| The ff. are effects of morphine: | coma |
| It inhibits the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Mycobacteria: | rifampicin |
| Therapy choice for diarrhea: | oral rehydration salts |
| Xanthine alkaloid used as bronchodilator: | theophylline |
| Slow-acting antimalarial agents: | pyrimethamine |
| The ff. are general anesthetics: | nitrous oxide |
| For the treatment of postoperative retention of urine that the patient is likely to e benefited with drug/s possessing which of the ff. property(ies): | smooth muscle stimulant property |
| The ff. are antipsychotic drugs: | chlorpromazine |
| Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase enzyme may be therapeutically useful for which of the ff. purposes, | to produce diuresis |
| Androgens can cause fluid retention, leading to: | edema |
| Drug of choice for status epilepticus in children: | Phenobarbital |
| The ff. drugs are systemic anti-fungals, | amphotericin |
| Which of the following are the main advantages of ranitidine over cimetidine? | higher potency |
| Among the following, which is the primary action of heparin responsible for its anticoagulant effect? | activation of plasma antithrombin III |
| The following are uricosuric agents: | probenecid & sulfinpyrazole |
| The ff. effect of histamine is mediated through H1 receptors, | bronchoconstriction |
| The following are non-narcotic analgesics: | naproxen |
| Which of the following drug primarily act on the proximal tubule (site 1) to produce it their diuretic effect, | mannitol |
| Also known as absence seizures: | petit mal |
| Agents that facilitate the easy removal of compacted fecal matter: | cathartics |
| Vitamin B12 deficiency state: | pernicious anemia |
| The non-systemic antacids are preferred because of the safety as well as: | longer duration of action |
| Bactericidal drugs that are applied to non-living material: | disinfectants |
| An anti-inflammatory drug also used for malaria: | chloroquine |
| drugs affecting thyroid: | thyroxine |
| This heart condition develops when the blood volume is great compared to the space available inside blood vessels; this can be caused by edema: | hypertension |
| An anti-psychotic drug possessing antihistaminic and anti-emetic properties: | promethazine |
| Which of the ff. tends to cause black, tarry stools? | ferrous sulfate |
| Fecal softener: | docusate |
| Both oxytocin and vasopressin increase: | uterine contractility |
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitor: | acetazolamide |
| Anti-TB drug which causes optic neuritis: | ethambutol |
| An antidote for heparin overdosage: | protamine sulfate |
| Potassium ion- hydrogen ion ATPase dependent pump inhibitor: | omeprazole |
| A non-selective beta antagonist, it blocks both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors: | propranolol |
| Each of the following drugs produces a reflex increase in sympathetic activity and tachycardia as side effects, | nitroglycerine |
| Which of the following drugs could be used effectively to alleviate postpartum breast engorgement in patients who are breastfeeding their infants? | oxytocin |
| Angina is treated with: | Drugs that increase perfusion of the myocardia by relaxing coronary arteries |
| Agents that facilitate the easy removal of compacted fecal matter from the large intestines: | laxatives |
| Megaloblastic anemia can develop as consequence of prolonged therapy with each of the following, | phenytoin |
| Type of anemia which produces immature RBC decreasing their oxygen carrying capacity (this results due to the decreased biosynthesis of thymidylate which in turn is utilized in the synthesis of DNA): | megaloblastic anemia |
| The side effects of steroids diminish when the drug is given via: | inhalation |
| Vitamin used in cancer chemotherapy: | cyanocobalamine |
| In a person with ulcerative colitis and diarrhea, which agent would have the greatest potential for producing perforation of the intestine? | morphine |
| Anti-diarrheal agents include all of the ff., | kaolin |
| Administration of each of the following drugs during chronic dicumarol therapy may cause an increase in the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol: | Phenobarbital |
| The richest source of vitamin K: | green leafy vegetables |
| A stimulant laxative also used as an indicator in acid-base titrations: | phenolphthalein |
| The most specific drug therapy for neostigmine-induced diarrhea would be: | tincture of belladonna |
| Antidote for INH toxicity: | pyridoxine |
| Anti-ulcer drug which possesses both anti-secretory and cytoprotective properties: | misoprostol |
| Antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning: | 100% oxygen |
| The development of metabolic acidosis limits the diuretic efficacy of: | acetazolamide |
| Side effects of organic nitrates include the ff., | postural hypotension |
| An antihypertensive agent that rarely produces postural hypotension as a troublesome side effect is: | hydrochlorothiazide |
| Metabolic alkalosis is likely to enhance digitalis toxicity because it is often associated with: | decreased tissue potassium |
| For the emergency treatment of anaphylactic shock, one should administer: | epinephrine |
| Diuretics that act on the ascending Loop of Henle: | furosemide &. ethacrynic acid |
| Agents that control excessive sweating: | anti-perspirants |
| Hemolytic anemia is a recognized danger in the administration of all of the ff., | sulfadiazine |
| Chemical compounds that alleviate irritation of mucous membrane or abraded tissue by forming a protective coating: | demulcents |
| The excretion of large volumes of urine isotonic with plasma is most likely to occur after the administration of: | acetazolamide |
| The ff. drugs are used as bronchodilators: | calcium channel blockers |
| This drug is a mainstay for the acute treatment of migraine: | ergotamine |
| Common toxic effects of digitoxin include all of the following, | anorexia |
| Types of anemia which causes neurological symptoms, achlorhydria, plus the symptoms of megaloblastic anemia: | pernicious anemia |
| Which of the ff. agents is least likely to produce kidney damage when used to treat a systemic infection? | erythromycin |
| Agents that lower serum cholesterol by interfering with cholesterol synthesis include: | clofibrate |
| An ergot alkaloid used to induce uterine smooth muscle contraction: | ergonovine |
| Drugs used for microcytic anemia: | ferrous sulfate |
| The condition wherein the heart can no longer pump enough blood to meet the metabolic demands of the body: | congestive heart failure |
| Drug of choice for persistent hiccups: | carbon monoxide |
| Agents that reduce the number of resident bacteria of the skin and thus inhibit bacterial decomposition of perspiration: | deodorants |
| Inherent pharmacologic property of iodine ion: | expectorant |
| Pharmacologic actions of calcium channel blockers include: | vasodilation due to the blockade of calcium and reduction of intracellular calcium |
| This dusting powder is not used as a lubricant for surgical gloves since it may produce granulomas: | talc |
| Deficiency state of folic acid: | megaloblastic anemia |
| Anti-nauseant used by patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy: | cannabinol |
| Oxygen-starved areas of the heart begin to die: | myocardial infarction |
| These are toxic manifestations of atropine poisoning, | increase heart rate |
| The side effect of magnesium containing antacids: | laxative |
| Each of the ff. drugs produces a reflex increase in sympathetic activity and tachycardia as side effects, | nitroglycerine |
| The ff. are the uses of ethyl alcohol: | antiseptic |
| Which of the ff. anti-emetic compounds is most likely to produce jaundice and parkinsonism when used for prolonged periods? | chlorpromazine |
| The organic nitrate given by inhalation is: | amyl nitrate |
| Hydrochlorothiazide is known to produce all of the following, | hyponatremia |
| Also known as hyperosmotic laxatives: | saline laxatives |
| Constipating antacid: | aluminum hydroxide |
| Osmotic diuretic: | mannitol |
| These drugs increase the metabolism of quinidine: | phenytoin |
| Parkinson-like symptoms are side effects of phenothizines; this is because phenothiazine causes: | blockade of the dopamine recptors |
| Acts by centrally producing sedation and a state of indifference to environmental stimuli: | reserpine |
| Which of the ff. types of pulmonary dysfunction may follow heroin abuse? | pulmonary hypertension |
| Xanthine derivatives may produce the following effects: | stimulation of the heart rate |
| The ratio of the LD50 to the ED50 is an indication of the: | therapeutic index |
| The applied form of pharmacology: | pharmacotherapeutics |
| Drug interaction may be due to the following, | drug-drug interaction |
| drug information is a responsibility of: | pharmacist |
