| - under terminal stage of extension
- femoral shaft rotates internally
- knee can not be flexed | explain locking mechanism of knee joint |
| - occurs with flexion
- requires action of popliteus m. to rotate femur externally | explain unlocking mechanism of knee |
| lateral condyle of tibia
head of fibula | Name bony elements making proximal tibiofibular joint |
| fibular notch on tibia
lateral malleolus on fibula | Name bony elements making distal tibiofibular joint |
| shaft of tibia
shaft of fibula | Name bony elements making crural interosseous membrane |
| FLAT :proximal tibiofibular joint
SYNDESMOSIS :distal tibiofibular joint
SYNDESMOSIS :crural interosseous membrane | What type of joints are tibiofibular joints? |
| interosseous membrane
anterior ligament of head of fibula
posterior ligament of head of fibula
anterior tibiofibular ligament
posterior tibiofibular ligament | List tibiofibular ligaments |
| - subtalar joint
- talocalcaneonavicular joint | What joints make surgical subtalar joint? |
| calcaneo cuboid
cuneonavicular | What joints are involved in Chopart joint? |
| tarsometatarsal joints | What joints are involved in Lisfranc joint? |
| articular facet of lateral malleolus
inferior articular surface of tibia
trochlea of talus | Name bony elements making talocrural joint |
| hinge
flexion/extension | What is the type of talocrural joint and its movements? |
| tibionavicular lig.
tibiocalcaneal lig.
anterior tibiotalar lig.
posterior tibiotalar lig. | List parts of medial/deltoid ligament of foot? |
| anterior talofibular lig.
calcaneofibular lig.
posterior talofibular lig. | List parts of lateral ligament of foot? |
| talocalcaneal interosseous lig. | What ligament makes a strong connection between talus and calcaneus? |
| complex irregular
inversion/eversion | What type of joint is subtalar joint and what movement dose it make? |
| axis of subtalar joint
inversion/eversion | What is axis of Henke? |
| sustenaculum tali
navicular bone | What is the attachments of spring lig.? |
| medial
lateral | What longitudinal arches of foot do we have? |
| plantar aponeurosis (both)
medial arch: spring lig.
lateral arch: long plantar lig.
short plantar lig. | What stabilizes longitudinal arches of foot passively? |
| plantar muscles | What stabilizes longitudinal arches dynamically? |
| transverse plantar metatarsal ligaments | What stabilizes transverse arches of foot passively? |
| adductor halucis m.
intersecting tendons of peroneus longus m. and tibialis posterior m. | What stabilizes transverse arches of foot actively? |
