| What is the definition of a wetland? | It not quite terrestrial and not quit aquatic.
Defination nedenunder.
They need to have one or more of the following three attributes:
1) The substrate is saturated with water or covered by shallow water at some time during the growing season of each year.
2) The substrate is predominantly undraind hydric soil
3) The land supports hydrophytes (addapted to wetland conditions). |
| Why is it important to manage wetlands? | Lot of biodiversity. Lost of wetlands species is disporportionatly high compared to other ecosystems.
Has many functions and values in landscape: nutrient processing
(function = independant of humans like nutrient processing, values = human thinking that we like it)
It reduces damage caused by floods by slowing and storing water.
Good at recharging ground water in drought periods
Are very involved in nutrient reemoving and unpooliting water. It thereby improves water quality.
Its a habitat for plants and animals.
Bird migrations are always using wetlands as stopping ground. |
| What is a hydroperiod? | Hydroperiod: overall seasonal pattern of waterlevel. |
| Hvad siger dette slide? | Wetlands er ikke altid wet. De skal bare være det 5% af growing season.
If water is over brown line it is inundented (flooded) |
| What are hydric soils? | Dark soil without oxygen
Oxidation coulurs orange so the hydrolic soil is black except places where roots have oxidised soil |
| Which of these is a wetland? | Here B is wetland C is probably also wetland.
A is not wetland. |
| What are hydrophytes | plants that are typically found in wet habitats. |
| What is the top level of classification of wetlands? | Classification hydrology:
Hydrological classification is the highest level in hieracy.
estuaries and stuff are also wetlands.
Riverine: rivers
Lacustrine: lakes
esturines: estuarier
Palustrine: det man normalt tænker på med et wetland. Den vi kigger på i kurset altså det der er vigtigt for os. |
| What is the second top level of classification of wetlands?
Hvad er de fire klasser af wetlands inden for dette som vi arbejder med på dette kursus? | Nu kigger vi på soils: substrat, pH og kemi
Dette kan så bruges til at inddele i fire klasser af wetlands i dette kursus
Fire klasser:
Bog (mose)
Fen (kær)
Swamp (sump)
Marsh (marsk) |
| Hvad kan du sige ud fra dette slide? | Ombrotrophic - left = rainwater fed (low in nutrients) (low in pH)
Minerotrophic - Right : groundwater and surface water fed (ground and surface water are brining nutrient = more productive) (more buffers = higher fertility)
Fra venstre mod højre:
Bog
Fen
Swam
Marsh |
| Forklar bog / mose | Bog wetland - 100% of water comes from rain. Low pH. For instance Sphagnum moss will be dominating here. Soldyg also grows here because its a kødædende plante. |
| Forklar fen / kær | Fen water is a mixture of rainwater and ground water/ surface water owerflow. They recieve nutrients from sources other than precipitation
Less acidic with higher nutrient levels than bog |
| Forklar swamp / sump | Swamp in us exclusively used when woody plants (trees) are dominating.
Mangrove forrests are also swamps.
In europe: swamp is not only trees. Dominated by ground and surface water inflow. Water table is often above water level. Decomposition rates are higher because of nutrients and higher pH.
Soil is now not only organic but both inorganic and organic material. |
| Forklar marsh / marsk | Marsh: Regular water level fluctiations. Less organic material. |
| Forklar ephermal wetlands | Ephemeral wetlands:
It can dry up completely |
| Forklar riverine wetlands | Next to river bits of river system function as wetlands. |
