| First Battle of Ypres (1914) | Indian troops arrived in France and defended Ypres. |
| Battle of Neuve Chapelle (1915) | Indian troops, including the Garhwal Rifles, advanced into German trenches. |
| Second Battle of Ypres (1915) | Indian forces faced poison gas for the first time. |
| Gallipoli Campaign (1915) | Indian troops fought and provided logistical support against Turkish forces. |
| Siege of Kut (1915–1916) | Indian troops were besieged and eventually surrendered to Ottoman forces. |
| Battle of Loos (1915) | Indian cavalry divisions were held in reserve. |
| Relief Attempts at Kut (1916) | Indian troops tried but failed to relieve the besieged garrison. |
| Sinai and Palestine Campaign (1916) | Indian soldiers defended the Suez Canal and advanced into Sinai. |
| Battle of the Somme (1916) | Indian cavalry divisions held the line but had limited combat roles. |
| Third Battle of Gaza (1917) | Indian troops helped capture Gaza and later Jerusalem. |
| Battle of Arras (1917) | Indian cavalry supported the offensive but breakthroughs failed. |
| Mesopotamian Campaign (1918) | Indian troops helped recapture Baghdad. |
| Battle of Megiddo (1918) | Indian troops contributed to the collapse of Ottoman defenses in Palestine and Syria. |
| Term for Indian soldiers under British command | Sepoys |
| Role of sepoys in World War I | Indian soldiers who played a crucial role in colonial military service. |
| Size of Britain's trained army in 1914 | 700,000 soldiers, including Regulars, Territorials, and Reservists. |
| Why was Britain’s army considered small in 1914? | It was tiny compared to the mass conscript armies of Germany, France, and Russia. |
| Role of troops from the British Empire on the Western Front | Crucial for manpower and military contributions to the British war effort. |
| Size of the Indian Army during World War I | Nearly 1.4 million men, the largest all-volunteer force at the time. |
| Campaigns where Indian troops contributed | Western Front, Gallipoli, East Africa, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Palestine, and Asia. |
| Why were Indian troops sent to Europe in 1914? | To fill gaps in British forces after intense early fighting. |
| Number of Indian soldiers deployed to the Western Front by the end of 1914 | Around 140,000 (both combatants and non-combatants). |
| How did Indian troops sustain the British war effort? | They provided essential reinforcements during 1914–1915 when British casualties were mounting. |
| Key battles on the Western Front involving Indian troops | First Battle of Ypres (1914) and Battle of Neuve Chapelle (1915). |
| Role of Indian troops in the Battle of Neuve Chapelle | They played a pivotal role in capturing German positions. |
| Other theatres where Indian troops served | Middle East, East Africa, Gallipoli, and Mesopotamia. |
| What did the deployment of Indian troops symbolize? | The strength and unity of the British Empire. |
| How did Indian troops contribute to Britain’s global image? | Their involvement bolstered Britain’s legitimacy and reinforced its image as a world power. |
| What did Indian soldiers fighting alongside other imperial forces demonstrate? | That Britain could rely on the loyalty of its colonies and dominions. |
| What financial contributions did India make to the British war effort? | Millions of pounds in loans and resources. |
| What materials did India supply during the war? | Cotton, foodstuffs, and military equipment. |
| How did Indian labourers support the British Army? | By maintaining supply lines and support infrastructure. |
| Why did Indian leaders support the war effort? | They hoped India’s loyalty would be rewarded with political concessions, such as greater autonomy. |
| What impact did the war have on Indian nationalist movements? | The sacrifices and economic strain fueled discontent, contributing to the rise of nationalist movements. |
| How did Indian soldiers’ experiences abroad influence their demands? | Fighting alongside Europeans and exposure to ideas of freedom and democracy increased demands for independence. |
| What challenges did Indian troops face on the Western Front? | Cold winters, difficult trench conditions, and high rates of illness. |
| How did Indian troops show resilience? | By maintaining remarkable discipline despite harsh conditions. |
| How were the cultural and religious practices of Indian troops respected? | Efforts were made to accommodate dietary restrictions for Hindus and Muslims, though not always fully. |
