| Things to remember? | Chromosomes, |
| Things to remember? | Chromosomes, |
| What are chromosomes? | small sections of DNA containing genes which code for proteins and hormones. important for the development of a foetus as either male or female. |
| Why is the Y chromosome important? | It signals the foetus to develop as a male due to the presence and activation of the SRY gene which produces androgens.
hormones trigger the development of the male reproductive organs (testes) and production of testosterone at higher concentrations |
| What is testosterone+short study? | The male hormone controlling development of male sex organs- High levels of it is linked with increased levels of aggression
served an evolutionary purpose in terms of increasing the ability of the male to protect their female, reducing the likelihood that she will be impregnated by a competing male and so increasing the likelihood of the survival of the male’s genes.Van de Poll found female rats who recieved an injection of testosterone become more physically and sexually aggressive |
| Evidence that supports the role of hormone in gender development? | Christina Wang- male hypognodanism which is a condition where the male testes fail to produce the right amount so instead they have testosterpme therapy for 180 days. There was a significant increase in muscle strength and all the other factors they were monitoring therefore it shows testosterpmne has a high influence on male physical development in adulthood |
| What is a counterpoint for that study? | Other evidence on the effect on testosterone makes it unconvincing. Darryl O Conor found increased testosterone levels in healthy young men and there were more significant interactional or non interactional components of sexual behaviours |
| What is oestrogen? | It determines female sexual characteristics. During the menstrual cycle females experience heightened emotions caused by PMT( pre menstrual tension) and in extreme cases it's been successfully used as defence in court for cases of female shoplifters or even murderers |
| What is oxytocin? | The love hormone and promotes feelings of intimacy and closeness. Women have higher levels of oxytocin than men, which may contribute to the stereotype that women are more caring and affectionate than men. |
| What are disadvantages?(REDUCTIONIST,BIOLOGY AND DISCRIMINATION) | Explaining gender through chromosomes and hormones ignores its complexity. Gender is more than just biology; it includes social and cultural aspects.
Using biology to explain gender differences can lead to justifying discrimination. For example, medicalizing female anger as "hormonal" (e.g., PMS) can undermine women, reinforcing stereotypes and inequality. |
| Things to remember? | Chromosomes and why the Y chromosome is important, testosterone, oestrogen, oxytocin, disadv(reductionist,biology and discrimination) |
