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level: ARACHNIDA scorpions (part 2 of arthropods)

Questions and Answers List

level questions: ARACHNIDA scorpions (part 2 of arthropods)

Question	Answer
- OLDEST known terrestrial ARTHROPODS - They are called SCORPIONITE because they emerges at night - Ambush/ Attack other arthropods at night, even small rodents - Capture their target using PINCERS = produce sting = paralyzed = tear them = digest body fluids - Live 2-10 years to 25 years life span Systemic reactions of its toxins when absorbed: WEAKNESS, FEVER, & MUSCLE FASCICULATIONS have been reported Their STINGING is painful and often cause ERYTHEMATOUS LESIONS	Scorpions
Scorpions are Members of the genera __	Pandinus, Hadrurus, Vejovis, Nebo
Sting gives rise to Localized Pain, Swelling, Tenderness, and MILD PARESTHESIA. ■ PARESTHESIA (sensation of pricking, tingling, and pricking of the skin - craw-like sensation) CAUSED BY SCORPIONS	ERYTHEMATOUS LESIONS
Scorptions Sub-species:	1 Centruroides exilicauda (bark scorpion) 2 Centruroides sculpturatus
When bitten by this Children: ● DO NOT COMPLAIN OF PAIN and UNAWARE of the injury ● AREA of STING VERY SENSITIVE TO TOUCH ● LITTLE or NO LOCAL SWELLING and only MILD ERYTHEMA Severe cases: ● TENSE & RESTLESSNESS, show ABNORMAL & RANDOM HEAD & NECK movements, ROVING EYE movements	Centruroides exilicauda in children
When bitten by this Children: ● NYSTAGMUS (involuntary rapid and repetitive eye movement) ● Can HEAR LOUD NOISES ● TACHYCARDIA (within 45 mins) ● Heart rate increases ● DIFFICULTY SWALLOWING & FOCUSING ● 90 MIN AFTER child may appear quite ill Adults: ● Appear WITHIN 24 HOURS or more ● Complaint of IMMEDIATE PAIN ● TENSE & ANXIOUS ● Tachycardia and HYPERTENSION ● RESPIRATIONS INCREASED ● Difficulties in focusing and swallowing ● GENERAL WEAKNESS&PAIN on the injured extremity ●CONVULSIONS are very RARE, but ATAXIA and MUSCLE INCOORDINATION may occur ●DO NOT SHOW RESTLESSNESS unlike children	Centruroides sculpturatus stings
Treatment for scorpion stings	1 mild sedation with DIAZEPAM and ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS 2 MIDAZOLAM - relax/ reduce movement 3 Antivenom (anascorp) 4 F(ab) 2 polyvalent antivenom Supportive treatment: ● Bed rest ● Positive-pressure breathing (give oxygen)
Treatment for scorpion stings 1 for Mild sedation 2 To help them with their high blood pressure 3 ○ Especially to patients which is tense and anxious ○ To make the patient relax and reduce movement	1 diazepam 2 antihypertensive drugs 3 Midazolam
Scorpion Stings treatment 1 available in Arizona, particular for C. exilicauda species 2 available in mexico	1 Antivenom (anascorp) 2 F(ab) 2 polyvalent antivenom