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level: REPORT 2

Questions and Answers List

level questions: REPORT 2

Question	Answer
prevents or stops the spread of infections in healthcare settings	Infection control
helps in controlling aerosols based viral and microbes transmission by sucking all droplets and mist products	Aerosol Suction Unit
Is the use of physical or chemical procedure to destroy all microorganisms including substantial numbers of resistant bacterial spores.	STERILIZATION
Physical Agents: can help sterilization through its ultraviolet radiation. UV radiation has germicidal properties, meaning it can destroy the DNA and RNA of microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and fungi	Sunlight
Physical Agents:it helps sterilization by creating an environment that is inhospitable to many microorganisms.	Drying
Physical Agents:flaming, incineration, hot air	Dry heat
Physical Agents:pasteurization, boiling steam, steam under pressure	Moist heat
Physical Agents:candles asbestos pads	Filtration
Physical Agents:utilizes ionizing radiation to kill or inactivate microorganisms and achieve sterilization. E.g gamma radiation and E-beam radiation	Radiation
Physical Agents:help in sterilization primarily by dislodging and removing debris, contaminants, and microorganisms from surfaces, instruments, and objects	Ultrasonic and sonic vibrations
Chemical Agents:examples are isopropyl and ethanol alcohol	Alcohols
Chemical Agents:e.g chlorhexidine gluconate	Halogens Phenols
Chemical Agents:e.g quaternary ammonium compound also known as quats	Surface active agents
Chemical Agents:e.g silver nitrate	Metallic salts
Chemical Agents:e.g ethylene oxide	Gases
Methods of Sterilization: also known as autoclaving, is one of the most widely used methods for sterilizing medical equipment, laboratory instruments, and other heat-resistant materials	Steam Pressure Sterilization
Methods of Sterilization: method used to sterilize medical instruments and equipment using a chemical sterilizer in the form of a vapor.	Chemical Vapor Pressure Sterilization
Methods of Sterilization: relies on the use of chemical agents that produce a vapor phase capable of achieving sterilization	Chemical Vapor Pressure Sterilization
Methods of Sterilization: method used to sterilize medical instruments, equipment, and heat-resistant materials by exposing them to high temperatures in the absence of moisture.	Dry Heat Sterilization
Methods of Sterilization: relies on the direct transfer of heat to the items being sterilized	Dry Heat Sterilization
Methods of Sterilization: method used to sterilize medical devices, instruments, and equipment that are sensitive to heat and moisture.	Ethylene Oxide Sterilization
highly effective sterilizing agent capable of killing a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.	Ethylene oxide
AUTOCLAVE- sterilization with steam under pressure, time required __ Cat __of pressure (__mins)	121°; 15 lbs; 15- 30
DRY HEAT- is achieved at temperature above _______	1600 C (6-12mins)
CHEMICAL CLAVING- operates at ___ and ___ of pressure (___mins)	131 C; 20 Ibs; 30
ETHYLENE OXIDE STERILIZATION- operates effectively at ___temperature	low
cleaning one’s hands that substantially reduces potential pathogens (harmful microorganisms) on the hands	Hand hygiene
color code: domestic	Black or clear waste sacks
color code: clinical waste infectious	Orange waste sacks
color code: clinical waste; sharps and pharmaceutical waste	Yellow-lidded waste disposal containers
color code: Non-infectious 'offensive waste stream'	Yellow and black striped waste sacks
color code: dental amalgam and mercury	White-lidded receptacles
color code: clinical waste	Blue-lidded rigid waste disposal containers
color code: Plaster cast waste	Gypsum waste sacks
color code: In Scotland, a special waste stream is used for individual potentially toxic products, e.g. dental radiography chemicals, amalgam and amalgam-filled teeth	Red-lidded waste disposal containers
paper/magazines, food packaging	domestic
PPE, swabs, dressings, disposable suction tips, plastic sleeves/cling film contaminated with blood/ saliva	clinical waste infectious
e.g. syringe, needles, sutures, used drug vials, partially or fully discharged local anaesthetic cartridges, teeth not filled with amalgam	clinical waste; sharps and pharmaceutical waste
nappies, feminine hygiene products, Sanpro ; Uncontaminated personal protective equipment, e.g. no body fluids, amalgam or chemicals	Non-infectious 'offensive waste stream'
dental mercury and amalgam waste, amalgam capsules and excess, contents of amalgam separator; teeth filled with amalgam	dental amalgam and mercury
e.g. expired emergency drugs, painkillers, antibiotics	clinical waste
gypsum or calcium sulphate study or working models	Plaster cast waste