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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
A shaft or opening on the surface of the skin through which hair grows. originates from an interaction between EPIDERMAL and DERMAL layers of the skin are in a SHEATH OF EPIDERMAL CELLS and CONNECTIVE TISSUES which encloses the root of the hair	Hair follicle
1 outer layer of the skin 2 subcutaneous layer which serves as a cushion for the dermis and epidermis; serves as an accessory	1 Epidermis 2 hypodermis
1. __ increase in number and grow forward to form a peg. 2. __ which will become the dermal papilla 3. __ become the hair shaft. 4. __ migrates downwards to form the follicle with swellings. 5. __ has one of the HIGHEST RATES OF CELL DIVISION in the human body	1 Superficial dermis 2 Specialized fibroblasts 3 Keratin cells 4 Hair 'peg' 5 Hair follicle
1 third stage of hair development 2 main role in the regulation of hair growth and formation. 3 visible part of the hair that sticks out of the skin 4 first stage of hair dev 5 second stage of hair dev	1 Hair Peg 2 Dermal Papilla 3 Hair Shaft 4 Pre-germ 5 Hair germ
STRUCTURE: 1 flat cells which overlap in a roof-tile formation with an intracellular content to bind them together 2 Two regions of this: 3 cells are embedded in SULFUR-RICH MATRIX with chemical crosslinkages	. 1 Cortex 2 • Paracortex - predominant • Orthocortex - minority component 3 Paracortex
STRUCTURE: 1 outermost structure which surrounds the cortex 2 Each cell has an outer membrane and contained within the membrane are THREE DISTINCT LAYERS	. 1 Cuticle 2) 1 A-layer 2 Exocuticle 3 Endocuticle
1 causes BROWN to BLACK COLORATION in the hair 2 causes AUBURN TONE to the hair 3 derived in biosynthesis from the AMINO ACID TYROSINE	1 Eumelanin 2 Pheomelanin 3 Melanin
1 Causes of Curliness	1 Non-uniform distribution of the DISULFIDE BRIDGES on one side of the hair fiber
GROWTH stages of Hair	Anagen Telogen Catagen ATC
1Active growth stage of hair. Lasts 3-6 years 2 Resting stage. Lasts between 6-8 weeks. 3 Transition stage where hair stops growing. Lasts 2-3 weeks	1 Anagen 2 Telogen 3 Catagen
1 Typical growth rate for human hair is __ 2 A healthy scalp (the top of the head extending from 2-3 cm above the ear), supports something of the order of __ hair follicles.	1) 0.3-0.5 mm per day 2) 100,000
Hair fibres are composed of:	85% complex protein keratin 7% water. 3% lipids 2% pigment aluminium (Al), chromium (Cr), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) ( 22 mg per 10Og )
CHEMICAL HAIR REACTIVITY LIST:	1 Alkali Hydrolysis 2 Acid hydrolysis 3 Reactions of sulfur amino acids 4 Alkylation of thiol (SH) groups
1 This test applies only where peptide linkages, are present 2 used to detect and quantify proteins in their hydrolysates 3 most interesting sulfur amino acid, CYSTINE, may be reduced to general thiol groups (—SH) by a number of reducing agents: 4 most important reducing agent; forms the basis of most PERMANENT WAVING PROCESSES & hair straightening products	1 Alkali Hydrolysis 2 Ruhemann’s Purple 3) 1 mercaptans such as Thioglycollic acid, Alkali bisulfite 2 Phosphorus derivatives like Tertrakis (methylol), Phosphonium chloride (TMPC) 4 Ammonium thioglycolate
1 obvious application in the determination of the DEGREE OF REDUCTION of hair that has been treated with reducing agents. 2 DO NOT participate in either the CONTINUOUS PROTEIN CHAIN, or CROSS-LINKING BONDS formed between adjacent protein chains	1 reaction of thiols with iodoacetic acid 2 Free' amino groups
1 Unstretched keratin chains are __ 2 Fully stretched keratin exists in a __ form	1 folded (corrugated) 2 planar, sheet-like