| A detailed history | EXAMINATION |
| Most common symptom that leads to dental consultation/ treatment | Pain |
| Why cant patients localize the pain | f the infection does not reach the periapical tissues PDL (radicular area), it is difficult to localize pain |
| Be careful of referred pain bc it may be _____; check if odontogenic origin | cardiac angina |
| Aids the diagnosis of oral manifestations of systemic disease. | MEDICAL HISTORY |
| what to consider for those that take Birth control | clots, MI, dry socket |
| what to consider for those that take steroids | moon face |
| ulcers are triggered by | NSAIDS |
| Consideration for: uncontrolled diabetes | lowered immune system and cardiovascular diseases |
| Consideration for: multiple sclerosis | Ask if they can endure long procedures |
| Alertness + fever + odontogenic infection = | toxic, lead to death |
| Always do _____before IV antibiotics | skin test |
| limitations in opening and closing, what to do | Gow gates |
| cause of crown discoloration after RCT | Remnants of internal hemorrhage |
| If looks like nodule and color is similar to surrounding mucosa; What do you do? | DO NOT EXCISE |
| 2-dimensional image of a 3-dimensional structure | Radiographic Examination |
| TRUE OR FALSE: Pulp stones requires RCT | FALSE |
| least effective type of cold test | Ethyl chloride spray |
| most effective type of cold test | Carbon dioxide snow |
| most convenient type of heat test | Warm sticks of Gutta Percha Stopping |
| banned in USA for environmental concerns | Dichlorodfluromethane- (endo-ice) |
| nonchlorofluorocarbon refigerant (Green endo-ice) - no studies | Tetrafluoroethane |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: No response | Non-vital pulp (pulp necrosis) |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: False negative response | Excessive calcification, Immature apex, Trauma, Premedication |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: Mild to Moderate transient response | Within normal limits |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: Degree of awareness of slight pain which subsides 1-2 secs after removal of stimulus | Within normal limits |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: Painful response which subsides 1-2 secs after removal of stimulus | Reversible pulpitis |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: Strong momentary response | Reversible pulpitis |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: Moderate to Strong response | Irreversible pulpitis |
| VITALITY TEST RESPONSES: Lingering pain for 5 seconds or more after removal of stimulus | Irreversible pulpitis |
| Test for vital sensory fibers | Electric Pulp Testing |
| Makes use of electric excitation to stimulate alpha sensory fibers within the pulp | Electric Pulp Testing |
| Does not provide any information about the health & integrity of the pulp | Electric Pulp Testing |
| Electric Pulp Testing: If a patient reacts within the readings of ___, then the tooth is vital | 1 to 65 |
| most reliable vitality test | cold test |
| tooth is already dead but still reacts | False Positive |
| tooth might be vital but test would not react | False Negative |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Patient anxiety | False Positive |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Wet tooth | False Positive |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Metallic restorations | False Positive |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Liquefaction necrosis | False Positive |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Premedication | False Negative |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): immature tooth | False Negative |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): trauma | False Negative |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Inadequate conductor | False Negative |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Partial necrosis with vital pulp remaining in apical portion of root | False Negative |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive): Atrophied pulps | False Negative |
| Electric Pulp Testing (false negative/ false positive)High pain thresholds: High pain thresholds | False Negative |
| HYPOTHETICAL SITUATIONS:Symptoms of irreversible but when you open the caries, it is still far from the pulp | temporary restoration and observe |
| HYPOTHETICAL SITUATIONS:Vital but spontaneous pain | Irreversible |
| HYPOTHETICAL SITUATIONS:Nonvital but spontaneous pain | Infection on periradicular area |
| HYPOTHETICAL SITUATIONS:Mixed symptoms (irreversible + reversible) | Multirooted tooth where not all are affected |
| HYPOTHETICAL SITUATIONS:Shallow caries but very painful | Possibly at DEJ |
| Test shows if the periodontal ligament is inflamed, if there is periapical involvement | Percussion |
| Tests the integrity of the periodontium by sudden blunt tapping force on the incisal or occlusal portion of three teeth | Percussion |
| tap the adjacent, contralateral, and opposing teeth to localize the offending tooth | Percussion |
| Test shows if the periodontal inflammation has reached the periosteum | Palpation |
| TRUE OR FALSE: Percussion Does not give information about the status of the pulp | TRUE |
| Test shows attachment loss | Pocket Probing |
| Essential in distinguishing between disease of periodontal origin from disease of pulpal origin | Pocket Probing |
| PERIO/ ENDO: No probable cause | PERIODONTAL ORIGIN |
| PERIO/ ENDO: History of trauma | PERIODONTAL ORIGIN |
| PERIO/ ENDO: Pus coming out of sulcus | PERIODONTAL ORIGIN |
| PERIO/ ENDO: Pus coming out of sulcus | PERIODONTAL ORIGIN |
| PERIO/ ENDO: Deep pockets with sinus tract | PERIO - ENDO |
| Confirms the presence and severity of occlusal trauma, periodontal disease, or dental/ periodontal abscess | Mobility Testing |
| Determines the tooth's prognosis | Mobility Testing |
| Use the blunt ends of two hand instruments to move the tooth horizontally | Mobility Testing |
| anesthesia is placed in the periodontal ligament | Selective Anesthesia |
| confirm the source of unlocalized pain; rule out referred pain | Selective Anesthesia |
| Made by drilling through the of an unanesthetized tooth | Test Cavity |
| Done to detect presence of apical pathosis that cannot be seen in radiographs using a bite stick | Bite Test |
| Done to check cracked/fractured tooth | Bite Test |
| Done to visualize and confirm cracks or fractures in the crown | Transillumination |
| Uses an intense UV light and subjects the surface of the tooth; Can also be done by staining with methylene blue | Transillumination |
| Placing a wedge in the interproximal area of the involved tooth may give a pain sensation to the offending fractured or cracked tooth | Wedging |
