| The movement of people from one place to another, either within a country (national) or across international borders (international). | Migration |
| What does the term "migration" refer to? | Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country (national) or across international borders (international). |
| Aspects of a population influenced by factors such as migration, determining the overall number, geographical spread, and age composition. | Population Size, Distribution, and Age Structure |
| What aspects of a population are influenced by migration? | Migration plays a role in determining the size, distribution, and age structure of a population. |
| The distribution of people in different age groups within a population. | Age Structure |
| What does "age structure" refer to in a population? | Age structure is the distribution of people in different age groups within a population. |
| The age range typically associated with the ability to participate in the workforce, often between 16 and 64 years. | Working Age Population |
| What percentage of migrants in 2016 fell within the working age range (16-64)? | In 2016, 81% of migrants were aged 16-64. |
| The percentage of the UK population falling within the working age range, typically 16-64 years. | UK Population in the Working Age Range |
| What percentage of the UK population is typically considered to be in the working age range (16-64)? | 63% of the UK population is in the 16-64 age range. |
| The predominant age range of migrants, indicating that most migrants are in their 20s and 30s. | Migrants' Age Distribution |
| In terms of age, where do most migrants fall within? | Most migrants are in their 20s and 30s. |
| The occurrence of a high number of births among migrant populations. | High Birth Rate Among Migrants |
| What is a notable demographic characteristic of migrants in terms of birth rate? | Migrants, often in their 20s and 30s, have a high birth rate. |
| The influence of migrants' age, especially being in their 20s and 30s, on the likelihood of having children. | Impact of Migrants' Age on Childbirth |
| How does the age of migrants, particularly being in their 20s and 30s, affect childbirth? | Because migrants are often in their 20s and 30s, they are more likely to have lots of children in the UK. |
| The geographical spread or concentration of people moving from one place to another. | Distribution of Migration |
| What does "distribution of migration" refer to? | Distribution of migration is the geographical spread or concentration of people moving from one place to another. |
| The demographic trend where many young individuals migrate to cities for higher education. | Young People and Universities |
| Why do lots of young people migrate to cities? | Many young people move to cities to attend universities like UCL, Imperial, and Kings in London, as well as universities in Manchester, Bristol, Oxford, and Cambridge. |
| The places where employment opportunities are concentrated, often in major cities. | Job Location |
| Where are most jobs located in the UK? | Most jobs in the UK are concentrated in major cities. |
| The pattern of people relocating to urban areas. | Migration to Cities |
| Where do most migrants tend to move in the UK? | Most migrants move to cities, with London being a prominent destination. |
| Higher education institutions located in urban areas, such as UCL, Imperial, Kings, Manchester, Bristol, Oxford, and Cambridge. | Universities in Cities |
| Which universities attract a significant number of migrants due to their location in cities? | Universities like UCL, Imperial, Kings in London, and universities in the cities of Manchester, Bristol, Oxford, and Cambridge attract many migrants. |
| Employment prospects concentrated in urban centers. | Urban Job Opportunities |
| Why do many migrants choose urban areas? | Migrants often choose urban areas due to the concentration of job opportunities in cities. |
| London being a prominent destination for migrants due to its universities and job opportunities. | London as a Migrant Destination |
| Why is London a common destination for migrants? | London is a common destination for migrants because of its universities like UCL, Imperial, Kings, and the availability of job opportunities. |
| The process of an increasing number of people living in urban areas. | Urbanization |
| What term describes the trend of people moving to and concentrating in urban areas? | The trend is described as urbanization, with a significant influx of people into cities. |
| The role of migration in influencing the increase in the overall population. | Migration's Contribution to Population Growth |
| What role does migration play in the growth of the UK's population? | Migration drives approximately half of all population growth in the UK, with the other half attributed to natural increase. |
| Population growth resulting from the difference between birth rates and death rates. | Natural Increase |
| What is the other significant factor contributing to population growth besides migration? | Natural increase, which is the difference between birth rates and death rates, also contributes to population growth. |
| The difference between the number of people entering a country and the number leaving. | Net Migration |
| How is net migration calculated? | Net migration is calculated as the difference between the number of people entering a country and the number leaving. |
| A situation where more people left the country than arrived, resulting in a decrease in net migration. | Negative Net Migration (1970-1982) |
| What characterized the period of migration from 1970 to 1982? | Net migration was negative during this period, meaning more people left the UK than arrived. |
| A trend where more people have been entering the country than leaving, leading to a rise in net migration. | Increasing Net Migration (Since 1983) |
| How has net migration trended since 1983? | Net migration has been increasing since 1983, signifying more people arriving than leaving. |
| The difference between the number of people entering and leaving the UK in the year 2019. | Net Migration in 2019 |
| What was the net migration in the UK for the year 2019? | In 2019, net migration was 240,000 people. |
| Elements influencing the overall increase in the population, including migration and natural increase. | Population Growth Factors |
| What are the key factors influencing population growth in the UK? | Population growth in the UK is influenced by both migration and natural increase. |
| Patterns and changes in population characteristics over time. | Demographic Trends |
| What does the study of migration and population growth contribute to understanding? | The study of migration and population growth provides insights into demographic trends and changes in the UK. |
| Government regulations and approaches regarding the entry and residence of individuals from other countries. | UK Immigration Policies |
| What does the term "UK immigration policies" refer to? | UK immigration policies are government regulations and approaches regarding the entry and residence of individuals from other countries. |
| The presence of various ethnicities and cultures within a population. | Ethnic and Cultural Diversity |
| What has UK and EU immigration policy promoted in the UK? | UK and EU immigration policy has promoted ethnic and cultural diversity in the UK. |
| Changes introduced by greater ethnic and cultural variety, including new languages, food, arts, fashion, and festivals. | Impact of Increased Diversity |
| What changes have been introduced by the increased diversity in the UK? | Increased diversity has brought new languages, food, arts, fashion, and festivals into the UK mix. |
| A situation where the UK faced a shortage of labor after many men were killed in World War II. | Post-World War II Labour Shortage |
| Why did the UK invite people from the British Commonwealth after World War II? | After World War II, the UK faced a labor shortage, leading to the invitation of people from the British Commonwealth. |
| People who moved to the UK from countries such as India, Pakistan, and the Caribbean in response to labor shortages after World War II. | Commonwealth Immigrants (India, Pakistan, Caribbean) |
| Which countries did people move from to the UK in response to the post-World War II labor shortage? | People moved from India, Pakistan, and the Caribbean to the UK. |
| Movement of people to the UK from Kenya and Uganda due to persecution (ill treatment) in the 1960s and 1970s. | Migration from Kenya and Uganda |
| Why did people move to the UK from Kenya and Uganda in the 1960s and 1970s? | Persecution in places like Kenya and Uganda led many people to move to the UK during the 1960s and 1970s. |
| The implementation of policies to decrease migration from the Commonwealth to the UK. | Reduction of Commonwealth Migration (1962) |
| In what year did the UK reduce migration from the Commonwealth? | The UK reduced migration from the Commonwealth in 1962. |
| Regulations established by the European Union regarding the movement of people among member countries. | EU Immigration Policies |
| What does the term "EU immigration policies" refer to? | EU immigration policies are regulations established by the European Union concerning the movement of people among member countries. |
| A policy allowing citizens to move freely between EU member countries without internal border controls. | Free Movement in the EU |
| Since when has the EU granted free movement of people between member countries? | The EU has granted free movement of people between member countries since 1995. |
| The movement of people to the UK from European Union member countries. | Migration to the UK from EU Countries |
| Which EU countries have seen an increase in migration to the UK? | More people migrated to the UK from countries like Germany, France, and the Netherlands. |
| The inclusion of 8 additional countries into the European Union in 2004. | EU Expansion in 2004 |
| How did the EU change in 2004 in terms of its member countries? | Eight additional countries joined the EU in 2004. |
| The influence of EU policies and expansions on the movement of people within member countries. | EU's Impact on Migration Patterns |
| How has the EU impacted migration patterns, particularly to the UK? | The EU's policies, including free movement, and expansions have influenced migration patterns, with increased movement to the UK from member countries. |
| Shifts in the composition of the UK population due to migration from EU countries. | Changing Demographics in the UK |
| What demographic changes have occurred in the UK due to migration from EU countries? | Migration from EU countries has contributed to changing demographics in the UK. |
| The ability of individuals to work in different EU member countries without restrictions. | Cross-Border Labor Mobility |
| What does free movement within the EU support in terms of labor? | Free movement within the EU supports cross-border labor mobility, allowing individuals to work in different member countries without restrictions. |
| A policy enabling citizens to move freely between European Union member countries without internal border controls. | Free Movement in the EU |
| What is the policy allowing citizens to move freely within EU member countries since 1995? | Free movement in the EU allows citizens to move freely between member countries without internal border controls. |
| The unrestricted movement and residence of individuals within any EU member country. | Cross-Border Mobility |
| What does cross-border mobility within the EU entail? | Cross-border mobility in the EU involves the unrestricted movement and residence of individuals within any member country. |
| The variety of nationalities and backgrounds among healthcare professionals employed in the National Health Service (NHS) of the United Kingdom. | NHS Staff Diversity |
| What characterizes the composition of NHS staff in terms of their nationalities and backgrounds? | NHS staff diversity reflects the variety of nationalities and backgrounds among healthcare professionals, including those from the EU or countries outside it. |
