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level: Factors affecting diffusion (HARD)

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Factors affecting diffusion (HARD)

Question	Answer
The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.	Diffusion
What are the three factors that affect the rate of diffusion?	Concentration gradient, diffusion distance, and surface area.
The difference in concentration between two regions.	Concentration Gradient
How does a higher concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion?	Diffusion happens faster.
The distance over which particles must travel during diffusion.	Diffusion Distance
How does a shorter diffusion distance affect the rate of diffusion?	Diffusion happens faster.
The total area of the outer surface of an object.	Surface Area
How does a larger surface area affect the rate of diffusion?	Diffusion happens faster.
Surfaces with a small distance for particles to travel during diffusion.	Thin Diffusion Surfaces
Why do diffusion surfaces in the body tend to be very thin?	To facilitate faster diffusion.
The motion of particles in a substance.	Particle Movement
What is the fundamental process involved in diffusion?	The movement of particles.
The region where there are more particles of a substance.	Area of Higher Concentration
In which direction do particles move during diffusion?	From an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
The region where there are fewer particles of a substance.	Area of Lower Concentration
Where do particles tend to accumulate during diffusion?	In areas of lower concentration.
A law that describes the rate of diffusion, stating that it is proportional to the concentration gradient and surface area but inversely proportional to the thickness of the membrane.	Fick's Law
What factors does Fick's Law consider in relation to the rate of diffusion?	Concentration gradient, surface area, and membrane thickness.
Indicates that two quantities increase or decrease at the same rate.	"Proportional To."
What does the symbol ∝ mean in Fick's Law?	"Proportional To."
Indicates that as one quantity increases, the other decreases, and vice versa.	Inversely Proportional To
How is the rate of diffusion related to the thickness of the membrane in Fick's Law?	Inversely proportional; if the thickness doubles, the rate of diffusion halves.
Rate = (Surface Area × Concentration Gradient) / Membrane Thickness	Rate of Diffusion Equation
Using the law to anticipate changes in diffusion rate based on alterations in factors like surface area, concentration gradient, or membrane thickness.	Predictions Using Fick's Law
How can Fick's Law be used to predict changes in diffusion rate?	By assessing how alterations in factors affect the rate using the formula.
If the surface area doubles, the rate of diffusion also doubles.	Doubling Surface Area
What happens to the rate of diffusion when the surface area doubles according to Fick's Law?	It also doubles.
If the concentration gradient doubles, the rate of diffusion also doubles.	Doubling Concentration Gradient
How does Fick's Law describe the relationship between concentration gradient and diffusion rate?	Directly proportional; if the concentration gradient increases, the rate of diffusion increases.
If the membrane thickness is halved, the rate of diffusion doubles.	Halving Membrane Thickness
What happens to the rate of diffusion when the membrane thickness is halved, according to Fick's Law?	It doubles.
If a cell membrane is 50 nm thick and reduces to 25 nm, what happens to the rate of diffusion?	The rate doubles, as the thickness has halved (inversely proportional).