| Plant hormones that control and coordinate plant growth. | Auxins |
| What are auxins, and what is their role in plant growth? | Auxins are plant hormones that control and coordinate plant growth. |
| The location where auxins are produced in plants, specifically in the tips of roots and shoots. | Auxin Production |
| Where are auxins produced in plants? | Auxins are produced in the tips of plant roots and shoots. |
| The ability of auxins to both increase and decrease the growth rates of roots and shoots. | Dual Effect of Auxins |
| What is the dual effect of auxins on the growth rates of roots and shoots? | Auxins can both increase and decrease the growth rates of roots and shoots. |
| Two types of plant growth influenced by auxins: phototropism and gravitropism. | Types of Plant Growth Affected by Auxins |
| What are the two types of plant growth affected by auxins? | Auxins influence phototropism and gravitropism. |
| Plant growth in response to light. | Phototropism |
| What is phototropism, and how does auxin influence it? | Phototropism is plant growth in response to light, and auxins play a role in regulating this growth. |
| Plant growth in response to gravity. | Gravitropism |
| What is gravitropism, and how does auxin influence it? | Gravitropism is plant growth in response to gravity, and auxins play a role in regulating this growth. |
| Plant growth in response to light, specifically shoots growing towards the light. | Positive Phototropism |
| What is positive phototropism, and what is its specific effect on plant growth? | Positive phototropism is plant growth in response to light, causing shoots to grow towards the light. |
| The process where auxin builds up on the shaded side of a growing shoot. | Auxin Accumulation |
| What happens during auxin accumulation in a growing shoot? | Auxin builds up on the shaded side of the shoot. |
| The effect of auxin on the growth rate of the shaded side of a shoot. | Increased Growth Rate |
| How does auxin influence the growth rate of the shaded side of a shoot? | Auxin increases the growth rate of the shaded side. |
| The result of the shaded side growing faster than the bright side in phototropism. | Shoot Bending |
| What happens when the shaded side of a shoot grows faster than the bright side in phototropism? | The shoot bends towards the light as a result of differential growth. |
| Plant growth in response to gravity, with roots growing downwards and shoots growing upwards. | Gravitropism |
| What is gravitropism, and what is its specific effect on the growth of roots and shoots? | Gravitropism is plant growth in response to gravity, causing roots to grow downwards and shoots to grow upwards. |
| The uneven distribution of auxin in roots, concentrating on the lower side. | Auxin Distribution in Roots |
| How is auxin distributed in roots during gravitropism? | Auxin builds up on the lower side of the root. |
| The effect of auxin on the growth rate of the lower side of a growing root. | Decreased Growth Rate in Roots |
| What happens to the growth rate of the lower side of a root due to auxin during gravitropism? | Auxin decreases the growth rate of the lower side, causing the root to grow downwards. |
| The uneven distribution of auxin in shoots, concentrating on the lower side. | Auxin Distribution in Shoots |
| How is auxin distributed in shoots during gravitropism? | Auxin concentrates on the lower side of the shoot. |
| The effect of auxin on the growth rate of the lower side of a growing shoot. | Increased Growth Rate in Shoots |
| What happens to the growth rate of the lower side of a shoot due to auxin during gravitropism? | Auxin increases the growth rate of the lower side, causing the shoot to grow upwards. |
| The practice of growing plants for food. | Agriculture |
| What is agriculture, and what is its primary purpose? | Agriculture is the practice of growing plants for food. |
| The practice of growing plants for decoration. | Horticulture |
| What is horticulture, and what is its primary purpose? | Horticulture is the practice of growing plants for decoration. |
| The application of auxin to control and improve plant growth in agriculture and horticulture. | Commercial Use of Auxin |
| How is auxin commercially used in agriculture and horticulture? | Auxin is applied to control and improve plant growth in agriculture and horticulture. |
| A weedkiller containing auxin that, when applied, makes weeds grow too quickly and die. | Auxin-Based Weedkiller |
| How does an auxin-based weedkiller work, and what is its effect on weeds? | Applying an auxin-based weedkiller makes weeds grow too quickly, leading to their death, while grass and crop plants are unaffected. |
| The reason grass and crop plants are not affected by auxin-based weedkillers. | Broad Leaves Absorption |
| Why are grass and crop plants not affected by auxin-based weedkillers? | Grass and crop plants are not affected because they don't have broad leaves to absorb the extra auxin. |
| The use of auxin as a rooting powder for cuttings to encourage root growth. | Auxin as Rooting Powder |
| How is auxin used as a rooting powder, and what is its purpose? | Dipping cuttings in an auxin-based rooting powder encourages them to grow roots, facilitating successful planting. |
| Plant hormones that naturally influence the growth of seeds, flowers, and fruit. | Gibberellins |
| What are gibberellins, and what aspects of plant growth do they influence? | Gibberellins are plant hormones that naturally affect the growth of seeds, flowers, and fruit. |
| The application of gibberellins to control plant growth in agriculture and horticulture. | Commercial Use of Gibberellins |
| How are gibberellins commercially used in agriculture and horticulture? | Gibberellins are applied to control plant growth in agriculture and horticulture. |
| A period when seeds cannot germinate (grow). | Seed Dormancy |
| What is seed dormancy, and how can gibberellins be used to end it? | Seed dormancy is a period when seeds cannot germinate, and applying gibberellins encourages seeds to germinate. |
| The effect of applying gibberellins to seeds, encouraging them to germinate. | Germination Stimulation |
| How do gibberellins influence seed germination? | Applying gibberellins to seeds stimulates germination. |
| The stimulation of flowering and the production of larger fruits by applying gibberellins to plants. | Flowering and Fruit Growth |
| How do gibberellins influence flowering and fruit growth in plants? | Applying gibberellins to plants encourages them to flower and produce bigger fruits. |
| The use of gibberellins to produce seedless fruit, such as seedless grapes. | Production of Seedless Fruit |
| How can gibberellins be used to produce seedless fruit, and what is an example? | Applying gibberellins to unpollinated flowers on grapevines results in the growth of seedless grapes, making them easier to eat. |
| A plant hormone that controls fruit ripening. | Ethene |
| What is ethene, and what role does it play in plant physiology? | Ethene is a plant hormone that controls fruit ripening. |
| The use of ethene gas in fruit storage and transport containers to control ripening. | Ethene Gas in the Food Industry |
| How is ethene gas utilized in the food industry, specifically in fruit storage and transport? | Ethene gas is added to fruit storage and transport containers to control ripening. |
| The effect of ethene gas on fruit ripening, making it occur more quickly. | Accelerated Ripening |
| What happens to fruit ripening when ethene gas is added, and how is it advantageous? | Ethene gas accelerates fruit ripening, allowing unripe fruits to be picked and transported, then ripened conveniently for sale. |
| An example of ethene gas effect, where adding ethene to green bananas causes them to turn yellow quickly. | Example: Green Bananas to Yellow |
| Provide an example of the effect of ethene gas on banana colour. | Adding ethene gas to a crate of green bananas causes them to quickly turn yellow. |
| The advantage of using ethene gas in fruit storage, allowing fruits to be ripened whenever convenient for sale. | Convenient Ripening |
| How does the use of ethene gas make fruit ripening more convenient in the food industry? | Ethene gas allows fruits to be picked and transported when unripe, then conveniently ripened for sale whenever needed. |
