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level: Appendicular Muscles

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Appendicular Muscles

Question	Answer
Move fins or limbs	Appendicular Muscles
Originated on the axial skeleton and inserts on the girdles or skeleton of the limbs	Extrinsic (Appendicular Muscles)
Originates on the girdle as proximal muscles and inserts on distal parts	Intrinsic (Appendicular Muscles)
True/False In Fish, appendicular muscles serves mostly as stabilizers; intrinsic muscles are limited in number and differentiated.	False. They are undifferentiated
True/False In tetrapods, appendicular muscles are less more complicated than in fish.	False. It is much more complicated.
True/False In tetrapods, they have greater leverage required for locomotion on land and their jointed appendages require complex muscles	True
True/False Extrinsic appendicular musculature: Dorsal group of forelimbs (trapezius and latissimus dorsi) arise on: - fascia of trunk in lower tatrapods - skull, vertebral column, and ribs to a point well behind the scapula in higher tetrapods and converge on the girdle and limb	True
True/False Extrinsic appendicular musculature: Ventral group (pectoralis) arises on: - sternum and coracoid - converge on limb	True
Are the connection between muscles and when the muscles then activate together they can enhance the stability of your body	Muscles slings
True/False The pelvic girdle requires such muscular anchoring because it is attached directly to the vertebral column (as a result, the volume of extrinsic muscle is relatively small in posterior limbs).	False. It requires NO SUCH muscular anchoring.
True/False Extrinsic appendicular muscles are most develop from hypaxial blastemas in the body wall	True
Referred to as secondary appendicular muscles because it was not their original function to operate appendages	Extrinsic appendicular muscles
True/False Chief extrinsic muscles of forelimbs of tetrapods include: - scapular deltoid - latissimus dorsi - rhomboideus - serratus ventralis - pectorals	True
Form from blastemas within the limb bud	Intrinsic Appendicular Muscles
Called primary appendicular muscles	Intrinsic Appendicular Muscles
1. Amphibians 2. Reptiles 3. Birds 4. Mammals a. intrinsic musculature is reduced; pectoralis (downstroke muscle) and supracoracoideus (upstroke muscle) are enlarged b. similar to reptiles but more diverse c. much more complex than in fish d. more numerous and diverse than in amphibians; better support of body and increased mobility of distal segments of the limbs	1. c. 2. d. 3. a. 4. b.