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level: Periodic Trends

Questions and Answers List

charges, Zeff, electronegativity, ionization energy, etc...

Question	Answer
In general, metals form ________	cations (+ charge)
In general, nonmetals form ________	anions (- charge)
General trend of Groups 1-3	Metals: +1, +2, +3
General trend of Groups 16-17	Nonmetals: -2, -1
charge of silver (Ag)	+1
charge of zinc (Zn)	+2
charge of cadmium (Cd)	+2
charge of scandium (Sc)	+3
charge of aluminum (Al)	+3
Major trend of ionic size	period 1-7 = increases
Minor trend of ionic size	cations = decreases anions = increases
Major trend of ionization energy	period 1-7 = 1st IE decreases
Minor trend of ionization energy	group 1-18 = 1st IE increases
What is the exception to the minor trend of ionization energy?	going group 15-16
2nd ionization energy is _________, but depends on __________________	always greater than the first; whether you're removing valence or core electrons
Major trend of atomic size	period 1-7 = increases
Minor trend of atomic size	group 1-18 = decreases
Major trend of effective nuclear charge	period 1-7 = decreases
Minor trend of effective nuclear charge	group 1-18 increases
Major trend of electron affinity	group 1-17 = decreases
Isoelectric	when two atoms/ions have the same number of electrons
Coloumb's Law	the attractive force between atoms is proportional to the distance between atoms and the magnitude of charges