level: Topic 1 1: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
Questions and Answers List
Energy is what makes everything happen and is stored between and after these changes!
level questions: Topic 1 1: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a cell? | The basic unit of life |
| What subcellular structures are found in the animal cell? | Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane, Mitochondria, Ribosomes |
| What does the nucleus do? | Contains genetic material that controls the cell's activity |
| What does the cell membrane do? | Holds the cell together, is semi-permeable to allow certain substances to go in and out of the cell, and is a barrier that stops the cytoplasm seeping out |
| What does the mitochrondria do? | This is the powerstation of the cell and releases energy from glucose in aerobic respiration |
| What does the ribosome do? | It is used for protein synthesis. |
| What other subcellular structures is found in the plant cell, but not animal cell | Cell wall, permanent vacuole, chloroplasts |
| What is the size of an animal cell? | 10μm-30μm |
| What is the size of a plant cell? | 10μm-100μm |
| What is a cell wall function? | A rigid structure made up of cellulose to strengthen and support the cell. |
| Give an example of an organism, which has rigid cell wall around its cell. | An algae |
| What is the job of a permanent vacuole? | A bag filled with cell sap, which is a weak solution of sugar and salt |
| What is the job of a chloroplast? | It contains a green pigment called chlorophyll that is used for photosynthesis, which makes food of the plant. Chlorophyll also absorbs sunlight and is not found under the soil. |
| What is a eukaryotic cell? | They have genetic information contained in their nucleus with cytoplasm and cell membrane. |
| Give an example of eukaryotic cell? | Plant cell |
| What is a prokaryotic cell? | They do not have genetic information contained in their nucleus with cytoplasm and cell membrane |
| Give an example of a prokaryotic cell? | Bacteria |
| What do bacteria cells have instead of a nucleus? | A long strand of DNA |
| What are plasmids? | Small loops of DNA |
| What type of cell division do bacteria cells undergo and what happens during it? (DIFFICULT) | Binary fission and the cells copy their strand of DNA and then it spits in the middle to make two. |
| What are fertilisers used for? | plant growth |