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level: DRUGS

Questions and Answers List

level questions: DRUGS

Question	Answer
• trifluoroethanol + bromide ion • 1ST HALOGENATED VOLATILE ANESTHETIC • for children- non-hepatotoxic, pleasant odor • low MAC (0.75%) LOWEST MAC • high lipophilicity • S/E: hepatotoxicity, arrhythmia	HALOTHANE
• MAC - 1.4% • HAS THE MOST PUNGENT ODOR • S/E: respiratory depression	ISOFLURANE • Florane®, Aerrane®
"LAUGHING GAS" • DENTAL SURGERY (30% NO + 70% O2) • USED WITH OTHER ANESTHETICS (HALOTHANE) to increase their uptake and analgesic activity • high MAC (100%) • S/E: post-op N&V, oxidizes cobalt in B12 -- megaloblastic anemia, fetal abnormalities, diffusion hypoxia- replaces O2 in lungs	NITROUS OXIDE (N2O) • "laughing gas"
• causes respiratory and circulatory depression • USED FOR CHILD BIRTH	METHOXYFLURANE
• ULTRA-SHORT ACTING BARBITURATE (5-10 mins); rapid onset (20secs) • used to induce sedation • CI: asthmatic patients, porphyria	THIOPENTAL • Pentothal®, Pentobrim®
• Used for sedation and reduce anxiety	BENZODIAZEPINES
- NEUROLEPTANESTHESIA (analgesia + amnesia)	• Fentanyl + Droperidol (Innovar®) OPIOID ANALGESICS
• for RAPID ONSET, SHORT DURATION HYPNOSIS • EMULSION (soybean + egg phospholipid) • S/E: PAIN IN INJECTION SITE, hypotension, lowers ICP	PROPOFOL • Diprivan®, Fresofol® Intravenous Anesthetics & Pre-anesthetic Agents
• analog of phencyclidine • PROVIDES DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHESIA (analgesia, amnesia without LOC) • bronchodilator, useful in asthmatics • MOA: act on NDMA type glutamate receptors • S/E: nightmares, HTN, increased ICP	KETAMINE • Ketalar®, Ketaject®, Ketamax®, Quetanex® Intravenous Anesthetics & Pre-anesthetic Agents
• a CARBOXYLATED IMIDAZOLE that can be used for induction of anesthesia in patients with LIMITED CARDIOVASCULAR RESERVE • MERELY HYPNOTIC • S/E: adrenal cortex suppression	ETOMIDATE Intravenous Anesthetics & Pre-anesthetic Agents