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level: DRUGS - 2

Questions and Answers List

level questions: DRUGS - 2

Question	Answer
• OLDEST ANTISEIZURE • derivative of BARBITURIC ACID • LONGEST ACTING BARBITURATES USEFUL in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES AND GENERALIZED TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC	PHENOBARBITAL • Luminal®
PHENOBARBITAL Therapeutic levels	10-40 mcg/mL
• 2-deoxyphenobarbital • metabolized to phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA) EFFECTIVE AGAINST PARTIAL SEIZURES AND GENERALIZED TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURES (may be MORE EFFECTIVE than PHENOBARBITAL)	PRIMIDONE • Mysoline®
useful in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES AND WEST'S SYNDROME MOA: irreversibly inhibit GABA aminotransferase (GABA-T), the enzyme responsible for the degredation of GABA	VIGABATRIN
• Lamictal® • MOA: prolongs inactivation of VG Na+ channels; decrease glutamate release FOR: • Generalized tonic-clonic seizures • Generalized seizures • Partial seizures • Absence seizures • LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME	LAMOTRIGINE
• MOA: produces a use-dependent block of the NDMA receptor; also potentiates GABAA receptor responses • Partial seizures (THIRD LINE DRUG FOR REFRACTORY CASES) • Seizures that occur in LENNOX GASTAUT SYNDROME	FELBAMATE
• an amino acid, an analog of GABA • ORIGINALLY PLANNED AS SPASMOLYTIC • ADJUCT against PARTIAL SEIZURES AND GENERALIZED TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURES • POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA MOA: decreases excitatory transmission by acting on VG Ca2+ channels presynaptically	GABAPENTIN • Neurontin®
• GABA analog, almost similar to Gabapentin • MOA: the same with Gabapentin • ADJUNCTIVE treatment of partial seizures • APPROVED for use in NEUROPATHIC PAIN, including PAINFUL DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY and POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA	PREGABALIN
• an amino acid related compound that has been STUDIED FOR BOTH PAIN SYNDROMES AND PARTIAL SEIZURES enhances slow inactivation of VG Na+ channels; BLOCKS EFFECTS OF NEUROTROPHINS ADJUNCTIVE therapy in the treatment of PARTIAL-ONSET SEIZURES WITH OR WITHOUT SECONDARY GENERALIZATION in PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY 16 YEARS and older	LACOSAMIDE • Vimpat®
• a PIRACETAM ANALOG • MOA: binds selectively to the synaptic vesicular protein SV2A (modifies the release of glutamate and GABA) ADJUNCTIVE treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN, for PRIMARY GENERALIZED TONIC-CLONIC seizures and for MYOCLONIC SEIZURES OF JUVENILE MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY	LEVETIRACETAM