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level: Level 3 - BENZODIAZEPINES

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 3 - BENZODIAZEPINES

Question	Answer
• metabolized to demoxepam (active), which is converted to nordazepam (active) and then to converted to oxazepam (active) • can cause DELIRIUM TREMENS	CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE • Librium®
• converted into nordazepam and oxazepam • widely used for SEVERAL ANXIETY STATES and has an additional wide range uses (e.g. as anticonvulsant, a premedication in anesthesiology, and in various spastic disorders)	DIAZEPAM • Valium®
• has a LONG over-all half-life • converted to NORDAZEPAM	PRAZEPAM • Verstran®
• marketed as anxiolytic and is well absorbed • converted to nordazepam and oxazepam	HALAZEPAM • Paxipam®
• almost EXCLUSIVELY used in INSOMNIA	FLURAZEPAM • Dalmane®
• relatively SELECTIVE for the BZD modulatory site on GABAA receptors with α1 subunit are HYPNOTIC AGENTS	QUAZEPAM • Doral®
• a PRODRUG converted to NORDAZEPAM • has a QUICK ONSET of action and overall long half-life	CLORAZEPATE • Tranxene®
• an ACTIVE METABOLITE of chlordiazepoxide and diazepam • a SHORT-ACTING anxiolytic	OXAZEPAM • Serax®
• the 2-CHLORO substituent in the oxazepam increases activity • has a SHORT half-life	LORAZEPAM • Ativan®
• a MINOR METABOLITE of DIAZEPAM • useful in patients who experience FREQUENT WAKENING	TEMAZEPAM • Restoril®
TRIAZOLOBENZODIAZEPINES	•Alprazolam •Triazolam • Midazolam
• LOWER LIPHOPHILICITY than other BZD • a HIGHLY POTENT anxiolytic on a milligram basis TRIAZOLOBENZODIAZEPINES	ALPRAZOLAM • Xanax®, Xanor®
• an ULTRA-SHORT ACTING hypnotic • has gained popularity as SLEEP INDUCERS, especially in ELDERLY patients, because it causes LESS DAYTIME SEDATION	TRIAZOLAM • Halcion®
• used IV as a short-acting sedative-hypnotic and as an INDUCTION OF ANESTHETIC because of its SHORT half-life	MIDAZOLAM • Dormicum®
BENZODIAZEPINE ANTAGONIST used to reverse the effect of BZD	FLUMAZENIL