level: haloalkanes
Questions and Answers List
level questions: haloalkanes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Naming haloalkanes | f- FLURO CL- CHLORO BR-BROMO I-IODO |
| Haloalkanes donate a nucleophiles what is a nucleophile | electro pair donor |
| Hydrolysis of haloalkane -- nucleophillic substituion | The nucleophile, OH – , approaches the carbon atom attached to the halogen on the opposite side of the molecule from the halogen atom. • This direction of attack by the OH –minimises repulsion between the nucleophile and the δ– halogen atom • A lone pair of electrons on the hydroxide ion is attracted and donated to the δ+ carbon atom. • A new bond is formed between the oxygen atom of the hydroxide ion and the carbon atom 2. The carbon – halogen bond breaks by heterolytic fission 3. The new organic product is an alcohol, a halide ion is also formed |
| Bonds strength of haloalkanes | Fluroalkanes are strongest |
| Rate of hydrolysis/Testing for haloalkanes . | chlorbutane - white [recipate bromobutane -cream idobutane - yellow Rate of hydrolysis increases as the strength of the carbon halogen decreases |
| Organohalogen compounds in the envrionment | CFCs break down UV light to form radicals catalysing the ozone layer |