| are products of artificial manipulation and alteration of a species' genetic material in a laboratory using genetic engineering. | Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) |
| Genetically Modified Organisms are: | products of artificial manipulation and alteration of a species' genetic material in a laboratory using genetic engineering. |
| GMO: what may be combined or may be crossbred to produce another kind of species that do not naturally occur in the environment. | Plant, animal, bacteria, and virus genes. |
| GMO: Plant, animal, bacteria, and virus genes may be combined or may be crossbred to: | produce another kind of species that do not naturally occur in the environment. |
| One of the most controversial issues in science and technology is the ???
that resulted in increased crop yield. | the introduction of genetically modified seeds in the agriculture sector. |
| Usually associated with recombinant DNA technology, is founded on the work of many scientists over the years. | Genetic engineering |
| What opened the gates of the countless possibilities of genetic engineering. | The discovery of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 |
| The discovery of DNA, which opened the gates of the countless possibilities of genetic engineering, is discovered by and in: | James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 |
| Were the first scientists to genetically modify an organism by combining genes from two different E. coli in 1973: | Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen |
| Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen were the first scientists to genetically modify an organism by combining genes from two different E. coli in: | 1973 |
| In 1973, Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen were the first scientists to genetically modify an organism by: | combining genes from two different E. coli |
| In 1982, the US Supreme Court ruled to allow the . | patenting of GMOs |
| The US Supreme Court ruled to allow the patenting of GMOs in: | 1982 |
| The ruling in 1982, which allowed the patenting of GMOs allowed what company to start using a microorganism that can consume oil. | Exxon Oil company |
| In 1982, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the: | First GMO - Humulin,
a type of insulin produced using genetically engineered E. coli bacteria to be available in the market. |
| The Food and Drug Administration approved the First GMO - Humulin in: | 1982 |
| A type of insulin produced using genetically engineered E. coli bacteria to be available in the market approved as the first GMO by the FDA in 1982 | Humulin |
| Approved by the FDA in 1993
a metabolic protein hormone used to increase milk productions in dairy cows for commercial use. | Bovine somatotropin (bST) |
| Bovine somatotropin (bST), a metabolic protein hormone used to increase milk productions in dairy cows for commercial use is approved by the FDA in: | 1993 |
| Bovine somatotropin (bST), approved by the FDA in 1993 is a: | metabolic protein hormone used to increase milk productions in dairy cows for commercial ue. |
| In 1994, FDA approved what for sale on grocery stores: | Flavr Savr tomato |
| Flavr Savr tomato is approved by the FDA in: | 1994 |
| The Flavr Savr tomato for sale on grocery stores which was approved by the FDA in 1994 has what effect that gives a longer shelf life compared with natural tomatoes: | delayed-ripening effect |
| The Flavr Savr tomato for sale on grocery stores which was approved by the FDA in 1994 has a delayed-ripening effect that gives a: | longer shelf life compared with natural tomatoes |
| In 1995, what were approved safe by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). | Bt Potatoes an Corn, and Roundup Ready Soybeans |
| Bt Potatoes an Corn, and Roundup Ready Soybeans were approved safe by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in: | In 1995 |
| In 1995, Bt Potatoes an Corn, and Roundup Ready Soybeans were approved safe by: | the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). |
| In 1995, Bt Potatoes an Corn, and Roundup Ready Soybeans by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), were approved | safe |
| In 1996, weeds resistant to:
the herbicide used for many GMO crops, were detected in Australia. | glyphosate |
| weeds resistant to glyphosate, the herbicide used for many GMO crops, were detected in Australia in: | 1996 |
| In 1996, weeds resistant to glyphosate, the herbicide used for many GMO crops, were detected in: | Australia |
| Research shows that the super weeds are how much or many times more resistant to glyphosate than the standard susceptible population. | 7 to 11 |
| In 1996, in the same year as the detection of weeds resistant to glyphosate, what was born or created named Dolly | the first cloned animal |
| In 1996, in the same year as the detection of weeds resistant to glyphosate, the first cloned animal was born named: | Dolly |
| Dolly, the first cloned animal, was born in: | In 1996, in the same year as the detection of weeds resistant to glyphosate |
| In 1997, the European Union ruled in favor of mandatory labeling on all GMO food products, including animal feed. | mandatory labeling on all GMO food products, including animal feed. |
| The European Union ruled in favor of mandatory labeling on all GMO food products, including animal feed in: | 1997 |
| In 1998, a genetically modified papaya in Hawaii was found to be: | resistant to the Ring spot virus and produced the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin, an insecticide that is not harmful to humans. |
| In what year?
a genetically modified papaya in Hawaii was found to be resistant to the Ring spot virus and produced the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin, an insecticide that is not harmful to humans. | 1998 |
| In 1998, a genetically modified papaya in Hawaii was found to be resistant to what virus? and produced the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin, an insecticide that is not harmful to humans | The Ring spot virus |
| In 1998, a genetically modified papaya in Hawaii was found to be resistant to the Ring spot virus and produced what toxin? an insecticide that is not harmful to humans. | the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin |
| What is a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin that was produced from genetically modified papaya in Hawaii in 1998 which was also found to be resistant to Ring spot virus? | an insecticide that is not harmful to humans. |
| Starting 1999, over how many acres worldwide are planted with genetically engineered seeds? | 100 million |
| In 2000, what was developed in the Philippines to address Vitamin A deficiency, which is a public health issue in Asian countries where rice is a staple food crop? | Golden rice |
| Golden rice was developed in the Philippines in what year to address Vitamin A deficiency, which is a public health issue in Asian countries where rice is a staple food crop? | In year 2000 |
| In 2000, Golden rice was developed in the Philippines to address what, which is a public health issue in Asian countries where rice is a staple food crop? | Vitamin A deficiency |
| What is Golden rice? | Golden rice is a variety genetically modified to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, in the edible parts of rice. |
| What differentiate the golden rice from its parental strain? | The additional three beta-carotene-synthesized genes |
| The introduction of golden rice was opposed by:
Because this GMO was thought to compromise food production, nutrition, and financial security. | environmental and anti-globalization advocates |
| The introduction of Golden rice was opposed by environmental and anti-globalization advocates because: | this GMO was thought to compromise food production, nutrition, and financial security |
| In 2003, what was found feasting on GMO Bt cotton crops in the southern United States. | Bt-toxin resistant caterpillar-cum-moth, Helicoverpa zea |
| Bt-toxin resistant caterpillar-cum-moth, Helicoverpa zea, was found feasting on GMO Bt cotton crops in the southern United States in: | In 2003 |
| In 2003, Bt-toxin resistant caterpillar-cum-moth, Helicoverpa zea, was found feasting on what in the Southern United States? | GMO Bt cotton crops in the southern United States. |
| In 2003, Bt-toxin resistant caterpillar-cum-moth, Helicoverpa zea, was found feasting on GMO Bt cotton crops in? | the southern United States. |
| In 2006, what were genetically modified to produce offspring that produce the enzyme phytase in their saliva to digest plant phosphorus, unlike that of normal pigs? | Yorkshire pigs |
| Yorkshire pigs were genetically modified to produce offspring that produce the enzyme phytase in their saliva to digest plant phosphorus, unlike that of normal pigs in what year? | 2006 |
| In 2006, Yorkshire pigs were genetically modified to produce offspring that produce the what enzyme in their saliva to digest plant phosphorus, unlike that of normal pigs? | phytase |
| In 2006, Yorkshire pigs were genetically modified to? | to produce offspring that produce the enzyme phytase in their saliva to digest plant phosphorus, unlike that of normal pigs. |
| In 2006, Yorkshire pigs were genetically modified to produce offspring that produce the enzyme phytase in their saliva to digest what, unlike that of normal pigs? | plant phosphorus |
| In 2011, a research in eastern Quebec found: | Bt toxins in the blood of pregnant women and showed evidence that the toxin could be passed on to the babies. |
| A research in eastern Quebec found Bt toxins in the blood of pregnant women and showed evidence that the toxin could be passed on to the babies in what year? | 2011 |
| In 2011, a research in what place found Bt toxins in the blood of pregnant women and showed evidence that the toxin could be passed on to the babies. | eastern Quebec |
| In 2011, a research in eastern Quebec found Bt toxins in the what blood?
which showed evidence that the toxin could be passed on to the babies | in pregnant women |
| In 2011, a research in eastern Quebec found Bt toxins in the blood of pregnant women and showed evidence that? | the toxin could be passed on to the babies. |
| In 2012, French farmer Paul Francois sued Monsanto for?
He won the case. | for chemical poisoning,
that he claimed was caused by the pesticide Lasso, which was part of the Roundup Ready line of products. |
| French farmer Paul Francois sued Monsanto for chemical poisoning that he claimed was caused by the pesticide Lasso, which was part of the Roundup Ready line of products In what year?
He won the case. | 2012 |
| In 2012, which French farmer sued Monsanto for chemical poisoning that he claimed was caused by the pesticide Lasso, which was part of the Roundup Ready line of products. He won the case? | Paul Francois |
| In 2012, French farmer Paul Francois sued who for chemical poisoning that he claimed was caused by the pesticide Lasso, which was part of the Roundup Ready line of products. He won the case? | Monsanto |
| In 2012, French farmer Paul Francois sued Monsanto for chemical poisoning that he claimed was caused by the what, which was part of the Roundup Ready line of products?
He won the case. | the pesticide Lasso |
| In 2012, French farmer Paul Francois sued Monsanto for chemical poisoning that he claimed was caused by the pesticide Lasso, which was part of the:
He won the case. | Roundup Ready line of products |
| In 2012, French farmer Paul Francois sued Monsanto for chemical poisoning that he claimed was caused by the pesticide Lasso, which was part of the Roundup Ready line of products. Did he win the case? | He won the case |
| As early as 2013, what were genetically modified and used to produce biofuel, which is regarded as an efficient substitute for petroleum products? | corn and poplars |
| Corn and poplars were genetically modified and used to produce biofuel, which is regarded as an efficient substitute for petroleum products as early as what year? | 2013 |
| As early as 2013, corn and poplars were genetically modified and used to produce what, which is regarded as an efficient substitute for petroleum products? | biofuel |
| As early as 2013, corn and poplars were genetically modified and used to produce biofuel, which is regarded as? | as an efficient substitute for petroleum products |
| In 2014, what happened to the patent on the Roundup Ready line of genetically engineered seeds? | ended |
| In 2014, the patent on what line of genetically engineered seeds ended. | the Roundup Ready line of genetically engineered seeds |
| The patent on the Roundup Ready line of genetically engineered seeds ended in? | 2014 |
| In 2014, the patent on the Roundup Ready line of what engineered genetically ended? | line of genetically engineered seeds |
| Numerous GMOs are produced all over the world. Those mentioned here involve: | mutation |
| Science agrees that the majority of mutations attempted on a species have the probability to: | fail miserably, and the individual plant/animal would not survive. |
| GMOs may cause imbalance in the ecology of a region just as what? | exotic species do. |
| An accident in genetically engineering a virus or bacteria, for example, could result in? | super bacteria that display antimicrobial resistance, which may cause a serious epidemic when released. |
| is the method of inserting genes or nucleic acid into cells as a drug to treat genetic disease | Gene therapy |
| What is gene therapy? | is the method of inserting genes or nucleic acid into cells as a drug to treat genetic disease |
| Gene therapy: In 1972, Theodore Friedman and Richard Roblin proposed that? | people with genetic disorders can be treated by replacing defective DNA with good DNA |
| Gene therapy: In 1972, who proposed that people with genetic disorders can be treated by replacing defective DNA with good DNA? | Theodore Friedman and Richard Roblin |
| Gene therapy: Theodore Friedman and Richard Roblin proposed that people with genetic disorders can be treated by replacing defective DNA with good DNA in what year? | 1972 |
| Gene therapy: In 1972, Theodore Friedman and Richard Roblin proposed that people with genetic disorders can be treated by? | replacing defective DNA with good DNA |
| Gene therapy: In 1985, Dr. W. French Anderson and DR. Michael Blasse worked together to show that? | cells of patients with Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency can be corrected in tissue culture. |
| Gene therapy: Dr. W. French Anderson and DR. Michael Blasse worked together to show that cells of patients with Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency can be corrected in tissue culture in what year? | 1985 |
| Gene therapy: In 1985, who worked together to show that cells of patients with Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency can be corrected in tissue culture. | Dr. W. French Anderson and DR. Michael Blasse |
| Gene therapy: In 1985, Dr. W. French Anderson and DR. Michael Blasse worked together to show that cells of patients with what deficiency can be corrected in tissue culture? | Adenosine deaminoase (ADA) deficiency |
| Gene therapy: In 1985, Dr. W. French Anderson and DR. Michael Blasse worked together to show that cells of patients with Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency can be corrected in? | tissue culture |
| Gene therapy: In 1990, what took place at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under the team of Dr. Anderson? | The first approved gene therapy clinical research |
| Gene therapy: The first approved gene therapy clinical research took place at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under the team of Dr. Anderson in what year? | 1990 |
| Gene therapy: In 1990, the first approved gene therapy clinical research took place at? | the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under the team of Dr. Anderson. |
| Gene therapy: In 1990, the first approved gene therapy clinical research took place at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under the team of? | Dr. Anderson. |
| Gene therapy: The first approved gene therapy clinical research that took place at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under the team of Dr. Anderson was conducted on? | a four-year-old girl who had ADA deficiency |
| Gene therapy: In 1993, what was first performed? | The first somatic treatment that produced a permanent genetic change |
| Gene therapy: The first somatic treatment that produced a permanent genetic change was performed in what year? | 1993 |
| Gene therapy: In 1993, what treatment that produced a permanent genetic change was performed | the (first) somatic treatment |
| Gene therapy: What was approved in China in 2003 for the treatment of certain cancers. | The first commercial gene therapy product Gendicine |
| Gene therapy: The first commercial gene therapy product named what was approved in China in 2003 for the treatment of certain cancers? | Gendicine |
| Gene therapy: The first commercial gene therapy product Gendicine was approved in what country in 2003 for the treatment of certain cancers? | China |
| Gene therapy: The first commercial gene therapy product Gendicine was approved in China in what year for the treatment of certain cancers? | 2003 |
| Gene therapy: The first commercial gene therapy product Gendicine was approved in China in 2003 for? | the treatment of certain cancers. |
| Gene therapy: Due to some clinical successes since what year?
gene therapy gained greater attention from researchers but was still considered as an experimental technique. | 2006 |
| Gene therapy: Due to some clinical successes since 2006, gene therapy gained greater attention from researchers but was still considered as an? | an experimental technique. |
| Gene therapy: In 2016, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) endorsed what that was approved by the European Commission in June 2018? | the gene therapy treatment called Strimvelis |
| Gene therapy: In 2016, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) endorsed the gene therapy treatment called what that was approved by the European Commission in June 2018? | strimvelis |
| Gene therapy: The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) endorsed the gene therapy treatment called Strimvelis in what year that was approved by the European Commission in June 2018? | 2016 |
| Gene therapy: In 2016, what Committee endorsed the gene therapy treatment called Strimvelis that was approved by the European Commission in June 2018? | The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) |
| Gene therapy: In 2016, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of what Agency endorsed the gene therapy treatment called Strimvelis that was approved by the European Commission in June 2018. | the European Medicines Agency (EMA) |
| Gene therapy: In 2016, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) endorsed the gene therapy treatment called Strimvelis that was approved by what in June 2018. | the European Commission |
| Gene therapy: In 2016, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) endorsed the gene therapy treatment called Strimvelis that was approved by the European Commission in? | June 2018 |
| Some studies transplanted genes to speed up the: | destruction of cancer cells. |
| Gene or cell therapies have emerged as realistic prospects for the treatment of what? and;
involve the delivery of: | cancer
genetic information to a tumor to facilitate the production of therapeutic proteins. |
| These concerns regarding genetic engineering and gene therapy are rooted in the question of? | whether or not humans are playing gods in the alteration of genes of organisms. |
| is a field of study that presents novel management approaches on farming systems that may help address concerns regarding the effect of GMOs on biodiversity and the health of the customers. | Agroecology |
| What is agroecology? | is a field of study that presents novel management approaches on farming systems that may help address concerns regarding the effect of GMOs on biodiversity and the health of the customers. |
