| What is perception | It is the process by which our minds organise, process and make sense of sensory data. |
| 4 type of different types | 1.Pattern perception
2. Face perception
3. Constancies
4.Deph Perception |
| What is pattern perception | Infants show preference for certain patterns, showing that they have the visual perceptual skills to perceive the different patterns
BABIES LIKE COMPLEX PATTERNS
PREFER PATTERNS THAT RESEMBLE FACES |
| Face perception | new born babies have preference for attractive faces over unattractive faces and show a preference for faces or their own ethnicity. |
| Constancies types and what are they | Size constancy - the ability to perceive an object having the same size even when its from a further distance and may appear smaller
Shape constancy - Shape constancy is the tendency to perceive an object as having the same shape regardless of its orientation or the angle from which we view it.
Depth perception -
Children are able to assess depth or distance from an object to themselves. |
| How can perceptual development be measured in children | Preferential looking
Brain scanning
Visual CLiff
Dark Rearing |
| Sample Gibson and walk | 36 human babies aged 6-14 months
also did infant animals (chicks ,lambs etc) |
| Procedure of Gibson and Walk | Cornell universities USA . Lab experiment . Visual cliff that had a shallow side and deep side that was glass but appeared as a clift.
Human babies were placed on the centre to see if they would crawl to the mum on the deep side |
| Results for Gibson and Walk | only 3 infants crawled onto the deep cliff side all infants who moved off the centre board most when shallow side
animals - mainly went on shallow side but when kittens are reared in darkness they went both sided equally |
| Evaluation for Gibson and Walk | Hypothesis testing – The researchers tested the hypothesis that babies and young animals would prefer the shallow side to the deep side.
Falsifiability – The hypothesis that depth perception is innate can be both proven right and wrong, and is therefore falsifiable. = PSYCH as a science
Validity - face validity measures perception on depth and
Reliability - same visual cliff - replicable
mothers bhv different - so less |
| Application for perceptual development | Developing perception by teaching through play and constancies depth and etc
such as depth perception - the ball rolling away
shape constancy - shape sorters
face perception - potato heads |
