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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
— drugs that alter perception and create feelings of tranquility, other worldliness, and etc. — usually alkaloids / nitrogenous compounds	Psychoactive Drugs
spaces in between neurons that NTs travel through	Synapses
chemical messengers, are affected by psychoactive compounds	Neurotransmitters
Psychoactive drugs alter or mimic the behavior of natural neurotransmitters: 1 Parasympathetic NS 2 Sympathetic NS 3 Regulates mood, behavior, digestion, appetite 4 Chemical Mediators	. 1 Acetylcholine 2 Norepinephrine 3 Serotonin 4 Neuropeptides
resinous monoterpenes the number one cash crop in the U.S. today;	Cannabis sativa
The acetylated derivative of morphine	heroin
are isolated from crude opium and are widely used for medicinal purposes. opium derivatives	Morphine and codeine Morphine: potent analgesic and it was widely used in the Civil War. More than 45,000 soldiers returned home as addicts.
seeds have been used by the American Indians of the Southwestern U.S. as a hallucinogenic drug. They are also very toxic. deadly poisonous—alkaloids called sophorin or cystine	Mescal bean, (Sophora secundiflora, Fabaceae)
The leaves contain alkaloid Cathinone “Uppers” Increase BP & heart rate have been used for many years in the Arabian peninsula, chewed and is now banned.	Khat (Catha edulis, Celastraceae)
Schedule II narcotic and is derived from coca leaves blocks re-adsorption of norepinephrine in the brain. This makes the user feel invigorated and blocks feelings of fatigue and hunger.	Cocaine From Coca (Erythroxylum coca, Erythroxylaceae)
1 The most common alkaloid from Cacti psychoactive drugs 2 species of cacti from the New World that are hallucinogenic.	1 Mescaline 2 peyote or mescal, Lophophora williamsii , Cactaceae
Psychoactive substances from the Solanaceae	1 Atropa belladonna, 2 Hyoscyamus spp., 4 Datura spp. 5 Mandragora officinarum.
poisonous flowering plant of the nightshade family Solanaceae. used as a hallucinogen (of the anticholinergic/antimuscarinic, deliriant type) contains tropane alkaloids which are responsible for the psychoactive effects, and may be severely toxic	Datura stramonium CN: thorn apple, jimsonweed (jimson weed), devil's snare, or devil's trumpet,
Their large, fragrant flowers give them their common name of angel's trumpets, a name sometimes used for the closely related genus Datura	Brugmannsia grandiflora, Solanaceae
a Near Eastern plant that has been used both as a psychoactive substance and as a medicinal plant.	Withania somniferum or Winter cherry Solanaceae
1 the best known Hallucinogenic fungi, the fly agaric 2 the active compound in many of these fungi. Psychedelic compound in mushroom	1 Amanita muscaria 2 Psilocybin
important group of fungal hallucinogens ergot alkaloids These compounds are extremely toxic and produce many physiological changes	Ergot Claviceps spp., Clavicepitaceae