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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
used to slow down or 'depress' functions of Central Nervouse Systems ex. Anxiolytics - (ANXIETY) Sedative-Hypnotics (INSOMNIA) Anti-psychotics (SCHIZO, BIPOLAR)	CNS Depressants
CNS Depressants list	1 benzodiazepines, 2 Z-drugs (non benzodiazepine) 3 barbiturates, and a miscellaneous group.
Older sedative-hypnotics drugs depresses CNS in __ manner	dose dependent
The higher the dose of the anesthesia, the higher the possibility that it will cause 1 __, and the longer the patient is in that state, the higher the possibility that it will cause 2 __	1 Coma 2 Death (due Respiratory and Cardiovascular depression
These drugs are nonionized form at physiologic pH They have surgical anesthesia Highly lipophilic: a. Absorbed well in GI tract, good distribution in brain b. Cross placental barrier c. DETECTABLE IN BREAST MILK d. Highest lipophilic drug has SHORT DURATION OF ACTION > redistributiom e. Highly protein bound f. Metabolism to more water- sol metabolites for clearance from the body	Sedatives and Hypnotics
CNS Depressant drugs act on the __ receptor It is also the major inhibitory neurotransmitter	GABA
Two classes of GABA Receptors	1 GABA a (The ionotropic, for ion channels) 2 GABA b (The metabotropic)
ligand-gated ion channels also known as ionotropic receptors The target receptor of Anxiolytic and Sedative-hypnotic agents	GABA a receptor
MODE OF ACTION	1 GABA attaches to the GABA a Receptor 2 (Cl enters GABA a) Chlorine influx, movement of chlorine entry increases and causes HYPERPOLARIZATION 3 Inhibits neuron (Action potential stops)
1 Benzodiazepine acts on the __ subunits 2 Barbiturates acts on the __ subunits 3 Nonbenzodiazepines acts on the __	1 alpha, beta and gamma 2 alpha, beta 3 alpha 1 subunit
The sites where CNS drugs attach	Allosteric sites
At higher dose, Barbiturates can act as __	GABA mimetic
GABA a Receptor are concentrated in what system?	Limbic system (specifically Amygdala)