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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
First widely used broad - spectrum Obtained from Streptomyces venezuelae by Erlich et al, 1947 ALTERNATIVE THERAPY FOR MENINGITIS SIDE EFECT: Bone marrow suspension, aplastic anemia, GRAY BABY SYNDROME BINDS TO 50S RIBOSOMAL SUBUNIT DRUG OF LAST RESORT FOR LIFE-THREATENING INFECTIONS	Chloramphenicol BN: Chloromycetin, Amphicol
High lipid solubility Ester of chloramphenicol Orally administered	Chloramphenicol Palmitate
Water-soluble Sodium salt of the hemisuccinate ester of chloramphenicol Preferred for Intravenous administration	Chloramphenicol Sodium Succinate
Aminocoumarin antibiotic that was produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces niveus Confined largely to Gram positive Bacteria Low activity against gram negative is because of poor cellular penetration Treatment of staphylococcal infections ADVERSE REACTIONS: Urticaria Allergic rashes Hepatotoxicity Blood dyscrasias	Novobiocin
Pseudomonic acid A, Bactroban from Pseudomonas fluorescens EXTERNAL APPLICATION. TOPICAL TREATMENT OF IMPETIGO, ECZEMA, FOLLICULITIS. USED FOR MRSA present in the NOSE. Interferes with RNA synthesis and protein synthesis	Mupirocin
Combination of Streptogramin B quinupristin with Streptogramin A dalfopristin in a 30:70 ratio From fermentation of Streptomyces pristinaspiralis Largely gram positive bacteria BINDS TO 50S subunit RESERVED TREATMENT FOR SERIOUS INFECTIONS CAUSED BY MULTI DRUG RESISTANT GRAM POSITIVE ORGANISMS SUCH AS VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM	Quinupristin/Dalfopristin BN: Synercid
Oxazolidinedione-type bacterial agent Binds to 30s and 70s ribosomal subunits Wide spectrum Gram positive FOR COMPLICATED AND UNCOMPLICATED SKIN AND SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS, COMMUNITY AND HOSPITAL ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, AND RESISTANT GRAM POSITIVES	Linezolid (Zyvox)
SINGLE DOSE THERAPY FOR UNCOMPLICATED URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS Phosphonic acid epoxide derivative isolated from fermentation of Streptomyces spp. BROAD SPECTRUM - +, BACTERICIDAL	Fosfomycin Tromethamine BN: Monurol
Fosfomycin Mechanism of Action	Inhibits synthesis of N-acetylmuramic acid blocked peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis