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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
__ of world population do not reach their physical and intellectual potential because of vitamin/mineral deficiency	1/3rd
40% of children <5yrs with mild to severe deficiency of this vitamin - Compromised immune deficiency - blindness - stunted growth	Vitamin A deficiency
Iodine Deficiency effects	1 Goiter 2 Cretinism
1 enlarged thyroid gland, lethargy 2 severe mental and physical retardation in infants of deficient mothers - Reduces IQ by 10-15 points - 80% of developing countries have goiter rates of > 10%	1 Goiter 2 Cretinism ALL DUE TO IODINE DEFICIENCY
Solution to Iodine deficiency	1 iodized salt (use declined from 75% to 65% in last decade!)
1 Iron Deficiency effects 2 Solution to Iron Deficiency	1 Anemia: fatigue, apathy in adults, poor academic performance in children (7-10pt drop in IQ) 2 Supplementation Fortification - Salt with iodine and iron - Vitamin/mineral mixes added to foods - Fortified foods
Vitamine C deficiency will cause __	Scurvy: Disease of sailors
Thiamine deficiency will cause __	Beri-Beri: Disease of poor Asians
Vitamine D deficiency will cause __	Rickets: Disease of poor Northern European children
Niacin deficiency will cause __	Pellagra: Disease of poor corn eating cultures
Organic compound found in foods Required in small amounts Required in the diet (dietary essential) Proven to be required for health, growth, and reproduction	Vitamins: Definition
collection of water soluble vitamins that function as enzyme co-factors	Vitamin B “complex”
Vital amines --> vitamines --> __	vitamins
Soluble in lipids and solvents Excess stored and not excreted Excess may be toxic Deficiency slow to develop	Fat Soluble Vitamins (A, D, E, K)
B vitamins, C Soluble in water excess excreted in urine, little stored generally less toxic deficiency develops quickly	Water Soluble Vitamins