| What is the chief source of citral? | 1 Lemongrass oil (75% to 80%)
2 Citrus spp. |
| Describe the process utilized in the recovery of Lemon oil. What other oils may be obtained by theses processes? | Lemon oil can be obtained by expression process.
Other oils obtained from this process is Citrus oils and Orange oils |
| 1 Does lemon oil obtained by distillation conformed to pharmaceutical standards.?
2 What is the use of distilled oil of lemon? | 1 Yes
2 Cleansing, Astringent, Relief of cold symptoms |
| Name the kinds of eucalyptus oils available in commerce.
What are the chief constituents of each kind?
Give at least two species yielding each type of oil. | Eucalyptus globulus oil (oxide &monoterpene)
Eucalyptus Radiata oil (oxides&monoterpenol)
Eucalyptus citriodora oil (aldehyde)
Eucalyptus dives oil (ketone&monoterpene) |
| 1 Give the botanical garden and habitat of Canella bark.
2 What other names are used for this drug?
3 What are the principal constituents of its oil and what is the bark used for? | 1 native to the Caribbean from the Florida Keys to Barbados.
2 Cinnamon bark, Wild cinnamon
3) 1,8 cineole, terpinen-4-ol, a terpinyl acetate, a terpinol.
Uses: Tonic, for toothaches, for cold, for blood circulation |
| What is Bay Laurel? Give the botanical origin, habitat, and uses. | Aromatic evergreen plant with glabrous leaves
Belongs to the family Lauraceae
Native to the Mediterranean region of southern Europe, the Middle East, Western Asia, and North Africa |
| 1 What other volatile oil contains safrole as the principal ingredient?
2 What precautions should you take regarding its use? | 1 Brown camphor oil, Yellow camphor oil
2 Not to be used on broken skin or injured skin because its toxicity will be absorbed.
Can cause respiratory problems such as coughing and wheezing when inhaled |
| Name other natural sources of camphor | Obtained from
Borneo Camphor Tree,
East African Camphor Wood Tree,
Camphor Laurel Tree |
| List other official and non ofiicial preparations containing camphor as an ingredient.
What is each preparation used for? | Tiger balm, analgesic
Vicks, cough reliever
Bengay, pain and aches
Icy hot, pain reliever
Biofreeze, pain reliever |
| What is Blue Flag?
Where is its habitat, and what is its active constituent? | 1 A native herb found in eastern and central canada. People use blue flag for conditions such as bloating, swelling (inflammation), fluid retention, liver problems
2 Triterpinoids, Oleoresin, salicylic acid, isophthalic acid |
| Describe the process enfleurage | a technique that extracts scents and oils from plants. The advantage of this technique is that even the most fragile plants can be used. |
| Give the rationale behind the absorption of essential oil in fats | Because of their solubility in the lipids found in the stratum corneum, lipophilic substances (such as essential oils) are considered to be easily absorbed. |
