| Dietary fiber is found in _______ and is __digestable/indigestable_____ by humans | plants
indigestible |
| Functional fiber is _________into foods | added |
| Which of the following are insoluble:
Cellulose
Hemicellulose
Lignin
Pectin
Resistant Starch
B-Glucans
Fructans
Gums
Psyllium | Cellulose
Hemicellulose
Lignin |
| Which of the following are soluble:
Cellulose
Hemicellulose
Lignin
Pectin
Resistant Starch
B-Glucans
Fructans
Gums
Psyllium | hemicellulose
pectin
resistant starch
B-Glucans
Fructans
Gums
Psyllium |
| All soluble fibers are fermentable or gel forming except:
(4) | Hemicellulose, resistant starch and Fructans are NOT gel-forming
Psyllium is NOT fermentable |
| metamussel is a type of __________ fiber | Psyllium |
| Mucilages is another name for _________ | psyllium |
| Gel forming fiber helps with | glucose regulation |
| Fermentable fiber helps with | microbiota health: prebiotic |
| The viscosity of fiber helps with: | feeling satiety |
| What is the list of other functional fibers (5) | Chitin
Resistant Dextrins
Polydextrose/polyols
oligiosaccharides
galactans
Ol of us in the GALAxy should RESIST CHeating POLEASE |
| Inulin is an example of a ________
Bonus: What are characteristics of this fiber? | Fructan
Soluble and fermentable |
| food sources of fructans include (3): | Chicory
flavoring vegetables
bananas |
| RS1 and RS2 = | dietary/non fermentable fiber |
| RS3 and RS4 = | fermentable fiber |
| What are food sources of functional resistant starches? | Green Bananas
Corn Flour |
| T/F Resistant starches contain less calories and don't effect the taste | True |
| Prebiotics help the host because after bacteria eat fiber, they release (2) | SCFA
decrease PH |
| Decreasing the stomach pH is a positive because | it kills bad bacteria |
| SCFA are food because they (2) | fuel for L-cells
Feed colon |
| L cells release what hormones? (3) | GLP-1
PYY
CCK |
| Where are L cells found? | Large intestine |
| GLP-1 and PYY are hormones that do what in the brain: (1) | decrease appetite |
| GLP-1 and PYY are hormones that do what in the Liver: (3) | Decrease glucose output
decrease lipogenesis
decrease FFA accumulation |
| GLP-1 and PYY are hormones that do what in the Pancreas: (2) | increase insulin secretion
decrease beta cell apoptosis |
| GLP-1 and PYY are hormones that do what in the skeletal muscle: (2) | increase FFA uptake
increase glucose uptake |
| SCFA are compounds that end with -_____ except for one called ______ | -ate
Hexanoic Acid |
| What SCFA is fuel for skeletal tissue? | Acetate |
| What SCFA is fuel for Liver? | Proprionate |
| What SCFA is fuel for Colon? | Butyrate |
| SCFA are proposed to (4) | increase anorectic gut hormones (Leptin)
increase insulin sensitivity
regulate cell prolif/apop in the colon
anti inflammatory |
| SCFA contain how many calories? | 1.5-2.5 kcal/g |
| transit time in the colon: | 40-70 hrs |
| transit time in the SI | 3-6 hrs |
| transit time in the stomach | 2-5 hrs |
| gel forming fiber (Both soluble and insoluble) can decrease LDL levels by: (2) | inhibiting cholesterol absorption
bind with bile |
| Fiber interferes with absorption of which minerals: (5) | Ca
Cu
Fe
Mg
Zn
+ carotenoids |
| disease conditions aided by fiber: (6) | CVD
Constipation
Diabetes
Diverticular Disease
Hypertension
Obesity
OH CD CD |
| How much fiber should females get: | 25 g/d |
| How much fiber should males get? | 38 g/d |
| how many grams of fiber per 1000kcals | 14 g |
