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level: Level 1 of wk11b Drugs of mineral origin.pptx

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of wk11b Drugs of mineral origin.pptx

Question	Answer
Sources of Crude Drugs	Animals Plants Minerals
Substances of mineral origin have been used for various pharmaceutical purposes Therapeutic agents Nutritional supplements Excipients	Mineral crude drugs
Mineral Deposits of Different types	1 Terrestrial deposits 2 Fossil deposits (geological origin in oceans and seabeds)
Collection of Mineral Deposits	By mining in open quarries Further purified for various pharmaceutical uses
Derived from aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide Can be naturally occurring as minerals or synthetic Source: purified native hydrated aluminum silicate free from gritty particles.	KAOLIN
KAOLIN is derive from Chinese word “__” which means “__”, first mined in Georgia and resulted to Wedgwood Pottery	kau-ling, high ridge
derived from decomposition of feldspar (potassium aluminosilicate) Granite rock containing silica, alumina and water	Native clay
single most abundant mineral group on Earth. a group of minerals distinguished by the presence of alumina and silica (SiO2) in their chemistry. Includes aluminum silicates of soda, potassium, or lime.	Feldspar
Kaolin Identification	Heat kaolin on charcoal black with cobalt nitrate -> Forms Blue Mass (due to Alumina)
A naturally occurring mineral Crystals in long thin needle-like fibers Source: Hornblende cancer and lung disease hazards	ASBESTOS
2 mineral groups of asbestos based on crystalline structure	1 Serpentine 2 Amphiboles
WHITE, most common type asbestos in serpentine group Commonly used in industries (insulator) Less friable, less inhaled	Chrysotile
chain-like structure, are friable and most carcinogenic	Amphibole
Amphibole LIST	1 Amosite (BROWN) 2 Crocidolite - most dangerous (BLUE) 3 Anthophyllite 4 Tremolite 5 Actinolite ACATA 3,4,5: Less Used industrially but found in talcum powders
Chemical constituents: Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 a double silicate of calcium-magnesium with little amount of iron which gives color to asbestos Uses: filtering medium for caustic alkalis, bacterial filters, heat resistant insulators, proof gloves, break lining and fire-proof roofing	Chrysotile