| When measuring vitamin D status , measure using ________ no triol | diol |
| Can you get a vitamin toxicity from too much sunlight exposure? | false |
| which months does your body not synthesize vitamin D? | Nov-Feb |
| Ergocalciferol AKA vit. D____ is synthesized in _______ | 2
plants |
| Cholocalciferol AKA vit D _______ is synthesized in _________ | 3
vertebrates |
| Vitamin D ____ is the most beneficial in supplements | D3 |
| what is 7-dehydrocholesterol? | A vitamin D precursor in the skin |
| What are lumisterol + Tachysterol? | A byproduct in the skin from the synthesis of vitamin D |
| what is 25 hydroxyl Vitamin D? | First step to activation |
| 25 OH cholecalciferol is also known as _______ (2) | 25 Hydroxyl Vit D and Calcidiol |
| what is 1,25 Dihydroxy vit D? | hormon active form |
| !,25 dihydroxy vit D is also known as _________ | Calcitreol |
| Vitamin D synthesis in the skin:
Cholesterol - - -> _________ by the sebaceous glands and the enzyme ___________ | 7' dehydrocholesterol
cholocalciferol |
| Vitamin D is synthesized between ____ and _____ in the summers | 9am-4pm |
| What factors can effect vit D synthesis? (5) | Anything covering the sunshine (pollution/cloud cover/clothes/sunblock/time of year/day)
Age
Weight
Skin color
UVA/UVB ratio |
| What is the Minimal Erythmal Dose (MED)? | The amount of time it takes for skin to turn pink |
| What number of MED is the best way to get enough vitamin D? | one |
| What is the RDA of vitamin D? | 600 IU |
| How many mcg are in an IU of vitamin D? | 1 mcg = 40 IU |
| Infants being breastfed should supplement with ________IU of Vitamin D | 400 |
| Which foods are often fortified with vitamin D? | Milk
yogurt
orange juice |
| T/F Vit D2 and D3 requires no digestion? | True |
| Vitamin D circulates through the blood bound to _______ and _________
Which one is most common? | VDBP (Most this way)
Albumin |
| What is the role of the liver in Vitamin D activation? | D2/3 - - > DIol |
| Kidney activates Vitamin D by converting calcidiol to ______ | Calcitriol |
| What hormones regulate Vitamin D? (2) | PTH
FGF23 |
| Besides the kidney, Caldiol can be converted to calcitriol by... (7) | Skin
Monocytes/macrophages
Adipose Tissue
Skeletal Muscle
Heart
Brain
Pancreas
SMASH BP |
| Vitamin D functions (4) | Immune System
Ca + P regulation
Protect beta calles (insulin reg.)
Anti-inflammatory |
| How does vitamin D interact with calcium? (2) | Calcium absorption/reabsorption
Mobilize Ca from bone |
| low serum calcium signals the _______ to tell the bone to release calcium and _________. This increases calcium in the blood | PTH (parathyroid hormone)
Phosphorous |
| When Calcium is low in the blood, vitamin D signals the ________ which releases ________. This is then sent to the kidney where it is converted into ____________. This substance increases Calcium absorption and helps increase serum calcium. | liver
calcidiol
calcitriol |
| Calcitriol binds with _____ in the nucleus to make Calbindin MRNA which is converted to calbindin at the _________. Calbindin then goes through the calcium channel and into the _________ to promote calcium absorption | RXR
Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Small Intestine |
| Diseases related to vitamin D (9) | Muscle weakness
Covid 19
Cancer
Rickets
Depression
Hypertension
Heart Disease
Osteomalacia
Osteoporosis
Thyroid Conditions
MC2 RD HHOOT |
| in order to be considered a prebiotic, it must not only increase the bacterias health but also..... | increase the hosts health |
| What can cause Vitamin D deficiency (6) | decrease skin synthesis (age)
high sequestriation (BMI >30)
Decreased fat absorption
increased catabolism (steroid)
Breast Feeding
Hepatic Failure |
| For initial deficiency treatment, you take _________IU daily, or ________IU weekly. This lasts for ______ | 6000
50000
8 weeks |
| Once there is a measurment of _______ng/mL than you should take _______IU /d | 30
1000-2000 |
| Vitamin D toxicity symptoms (7) | Confusion
Recurrent vomiting
Apathy
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Abdominal Pain
Dehydration
CRAP PAD |
| Hypercalcemia initial symptoms: (5) | kidney stones
Itching/nervousness
Polydipsia, polyuria, dehydration |
| Long term hypercalcemia can lead to | calcification of soft tissue |
