| In order for calcemia to occur, what else must be high in the diet? | Vitamin D |
| RDA for 9-18yrs, 19-50 years, pregnancy/lactation? | 1300mg/d
1000 mg/d
Pregnancy and lactation are the same dependent on age |
| RDA 9-18 yrs old, 19-50 yrs MALE | 1300mg/d
1000 mg/d |
| UL calcium for 9-18 YO, and 19-50 YO | 3000mg/d
2500 mg/d |
| Ca food sources: (6) | Dairy Products/Milk alternatives
Soy products
Legumes
Nuts and Seeds
Leafy Greens |
| Coral calcium is not recommended because it potentially contains __________ | Heavy Metals |
| You can not absorb more than _______mg of calcium in one sitting | 500mg |
| Oftentimes Ca supplements contain ______ and _______ | Mg
Vit. D |
| Calcium citrate doesn't need _______ to be absorbed and there fore can be taken _________. It costs ___________ than calcium carbonate | Acid
on an empty stomach
more |
| Calcium carbonate common side effects (3) | Gas/bloating
stomach pain
Constipation |
| Calcium must be digested. It takes ______ at acidic pH to be broken down and only ________% is absorbed | ~1hr
25-35% |
| What are the 3 paths Ca can be absorbed? Which is most common? | Paracellular diffusion
Carrier-mediated cellular transport <- - - most common
some in the Colon |
| What enhances Ca absorption? (3) | Vit. D
Protein
Sugar/sugar alcohols |
| What can inhibit Ca absorption? (6) | Phytic acid/oxalate
Fiber
Fatty acids
Diuretics/PPIs
Alcohol+smoking
divalent cations
All the same as Mg except replace phosphorous with divalent cations |
| Sources of oxalic acid (6) | Spinach
Legumes
Nuts
Chocolate
Fruit
Tea leaves |
| Sources of both oxalic acid and phytic acid? | Legumes
Spinach
Nuts
Lets Stay Near |
| Phytic Acid/Phytate food sources (5) | Legumes
Spinach
Nuts
Corn
Grains |
| What increases Ca in the Urine? | Protein
Sodium
Caffeine
Causes Pee Stones |
| increase [?] and [?] increases the risk of kidney stones | Ca
Oxalate |
| Excess Ca decreases absorption of (3) | Phosphorous
Iron
Fatty Acids |
| Excess ________ increases bone loss over time | sodium |
| What is the name of the carrier mediated transporter for Ca | TRPV6 |
| Calbindin is made by ________ | Vitamin D |
| __________ moves calcium through a cell | Calbindin |
| Elderly have decreased absorption of Ca because of: (3) | decreased HCL production
decreased TRPV6 and calbindin
decreased Vit D synthesis/absorption |
| What is PMCA? | An enzyme used for Ca absorption
(Plasma Membrane Ca ATPase) |
| In the blood stream, Ca travels three different ways, which one is the most common way? | Protein bound
nonprotein complex
free Ca +2 < - - - most common |
| Parathyroid hormone regulates _____, ______, and ________ | Ca, Mg, and Phosphorus |
| PTH helps to regulate Ca by using three methods: | increase Ca absorption in the intestines
Ca reabsorption in the kidneys
and takes calcium from the surface of bones |
| What 10 nutrients help improve bone health? | Ca
Mg
P
F
Zn
Protein
Vitamin C, A, K, D
CaMP FiZz serves Protein CAKD |
| What 3 enzymes/protein does Ca act as a cofactor for? | NO synthase
Calmodulin
Pyruvate Kinase |
| What are Ca Functions? (6) | Blood clotting
Blood pressure
Neurotransmission
Signal Transduction
Muscle Contraction
Insulin Metabolism
Bloody Bones Should Never Interest Me |
| ____% of Ca is used for bone | 99% |
| Who is at risk for a Ca deficiency? (8) | Medications (Diuretics + PPIs)
Excess alcohol
Elderly
Females
Malabsorbtion (IBD)
Milk Aversions
Post menopausal
Vegans
MMMM FAVE |
| Diseases related to Ca deficiency (4) | Rickets
Osteopenia/Osteoporosis
Tetany
Hypertension
THOR |
| Osteoporosis occurs in ___male/female____ more than ___male/female____ | females
males |
| Tetany has symptoms such as: (2) | Muscle spasms and parasthesia |
| Ca toxicity can lead to (4) | constipaton
Headaches
Kidney Stones
Hypercalcemia
HH*CK |
