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level: Part 1 of Computer Hardware

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Part 1 of Computer Hardware

Question	Answer
all of the physical components of a computer	Computer hardware
Is a machine that uses electronic components and instructions to the components to perform: -calculations -repetitive and complex procedures -process text -manipulate data and signals	Computer
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer's architecture, and includes: 1:	Electronic circuits
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer's architecture, and includes: 2	Microchips, processors
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer's architecture, and includes: 3	Random Access Memory (RAM)
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer's architecture, and includes: 4	Read-Only Memory (ROM)
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer's architecture, and includes: 5	Graphic and sounds cards
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer's architecture, and includes: 6: All are attached to a component called a?	Motherboard
The basic hardware of a computer composes the computer's architecture, and includes: 1-6	-Electronic circuits -Microchips, processors -Random Access Memory (RAM) -Read-Only Memory (ROM) -Graphic and sounds cards -Motherboard (where all the remaining components are attached to)
Is a square or rectangular board with circuits into which are plugged the main electronics of the computer	The motherboard
Devices that may be inside the computer case but are not part of the architecture include:	-Main storage device which is usually an internal hard drive -Cooling system -Modem -Ethernet connectors -Optical drives -Universal Serial Bus (USB) connectors -Multi-format media card readers
Devices attached or linked to a computer that are peripheral to the main computer box are part of the system's hardware and these include:	-Input and output devices, including the: keyboard, touch screen, mouse, printer, and fax -Storage components such as: external hard drives, thumb drives, floppy drives, tape drives, sound systems (earphones, microphones, speakers, subwoofers) -computer monitor
The group of required and optional hardware items that are linked together to make up a computer system is called?	its configuration
Key components are place inside a rigid plastic housing or case, which is called?	the box
Required Hardware Components of a Computer: -a thin, flat sheet made of a firm, non-conducting materials -internal components, like printed circuits, chips, slots, of the computer are mounted.	Motherboard
Required Hardware Components of a Computer: Motherboard: Motherboard's storage media is called?	memory
Memory: -Permanent storage on the computer -It carries instructions that allow the computer to be booted (started), and other essential machine instructions. -Its programming is stored by the manufacturer and cannot be changed by the user. -It contains the programming needed to start a PC, which is essential for boot-up; it performs major input/output tasks and holds programs or software instructions.	Read-Only Memory (ROM)
Memory: -Working memory used for primary storage -temporary storage -is called volatile memory because everything in it unloads (is lost) when the computer is turned off	Random access memory
Memory: RAM is called volatile memory because:	everything in RAM unloads (is lost) when the computer is turned off
Memory: RAM is otherwise called 'what?' because everything in it unloads (is lost) when the computer is turned off.	volatile memory
Memory: -Smaller form of RAM -its purpose is to speed up processing by storing frequently called items in a small, rapid access memory location	Cache
Computer hardware: These devices allow the computer to receive information from the outside world	Input devices
Computer hardware: Input devices: allow the computer to "sense" when a particular part of the screen is pressed or touched in this way, users input information into the compurter	Electronics
Computer hardware: Input devices: is a device attached to the computer that has special software that allows the computer to sense when this is focused on a particular part of the screen it allows smaller screen location discriminations than does a touchscreen	A light pen
Computer hardware: These devices allow the computer to report its results to the external world defined as any equipment that translates the computer information into something readable by people or other machines. can be in the form of text, data files, sound, graphics, or signals to other devices.	Output devices
It is a very fast means of storing and retrieving data as well as having a large storage capacity in comparison with other types of storage. Is the main storage device of a computer	Hard drive
Hard Drive: For small computers, it is typically:	inside the case or box that houses the CPR and other internal hardware
Hard Drive: True or False: Internal hard drives are portable; they are not plugged directly into the motherboard.	False, Internal hard drives are not portable; they are plugged directly into the motherboard
Hard Drive: The storage capacity of hard drives has increased and continues to increase exponentially every few years: In 2014 most personal computers are sold with about how many bytes of storage?	1 terabyte
Hard Drive: Hard Drive: The storage capacity of hard drives has increased and continues to increase exponentially every few years: In what year most personal computers are sold with about 1 terabyte of storage?	2014
Hard Drive: The storage capacity of hard drives has increased and continues to increase exponentially every few years: In 1990 most personal computers came with about how many bytes of storage?	500 megabytes
Hard Drive: The storage capacity of hard drives has increased and continues to increase exponentially every few years: In what year most personal computers came with about 500 megabytes	1990
Hard Drive: The storage capacity of hard drives has increased and continues to increase exponentially every few years: On the biggest computers, storage is measured in? which is an almost unimaginably huge number	petabytes
Is actually a form of a small, removable hard drive that is inserted into the USB port of the computer. There are many names for it, including pen drive, jump drive, thistle drive, and pocket drive	USB flash drive
The many names for flash drive are:	pen drive, jump drive, thistle drive, and pocket drive
are rigid disks that hold a higher density of information and have higher speed	CD-ROMs and DVDs
Until the late 1990s, CD-ROMs were?	strictly input devices
Until what year were CD-ROMs were strictly input devices	1990
Were designed to store sound and data, and held about 737 megabytes of information and large laser writers were required to store data on them were read-only media until the late 1990s, they were strictly input devices	CD-ROMs
CD-ROMs were designed to store sound and data, and held about how many megabytes of information? (and large laser writers were required to store data on them)	737 megabytes
Technology developed in the 1980s by Philips Corporation permitted the development of a new type of CD that could be written on by the user, those are called?	CD-RW for Compact Disc Read-Write
Technology developed in what year by Philips Corporation permitted the development of a new type of CD that could be written on by the user, those are called CD-RW for Compact Disc Read-Write?	the 1980s
Technology developed in the 1980s by what Corporation which permitted the development of a new type of CD that could be written on by the user, those are called CD-RW for Compact Disc Read-Write.	Philips Corporation
As technology advanced and people wanted to store motion pictures on computer readable media, what were developed and they held approximately 4.3 gigabytes of information, which will handle a regular 2 hour movie?	DVDs
As technology advanced and people wanted to store motion pictures on computer readable media, DVDs were developed and they held approximately how many gigabytes of information, which will handle a regular 2 hour movie	4.3 gigabytes of information, which will handle a regular 2 hour movie
Media moved to the even higher storage capacity of what discs which store approximately 27 gigabytes of information or the equivalent of a 2 hour high definition movie? Is derived from the blue color of the laser that writes on the media and ray for the optical ray that reads the media	BluRay discs
Media moved to the even higher storage capacity of BluRay discs which store approximately how many gigabytes of information or the equivalent of a 2 hour high definition movie?	27 gigabytes
What discs can store 54 gigabytes or 4.5 hours of high definition motion picture media?	Double layer Blu-Ray discs
Double layer Blu-Ray discs can store of up to how many gigabytes or how many hours of high definition of motion picture media?	54 gigabytes or 4.5 hours of high definition motion picture media
Data stored in the "Cloud" is still stored on commercial computers called?	servers
refers to a distributed system of many commercial, networked servers that communicate through the Internet, and work together so closely that they can essentially function as one large system	The "Cloud"
Physically, enormous numbers of servers that store data are located in buildings, many warehouse sized, these data storage sites are called?	data centers
Storage Media: multiple data centers are linked together to create? They can be retrieved from another server is far more secure and reliable than a personal hard drive or backup drives. allows more data storage than most individuals need for personal use	cloud storage
Cloud storage: The advantage of the customer is?	safety of the stored data
Cloud storage: A key factor in cloud storage is? The storage vendors must maintain multiple copies of the data they store If one server in a data center becomes inoperable, copies of the data on that server are stored elsewhere and thus the data are not lost.	redundancy