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level: Antitubercular Antibiotics

Questions and Answers List

Question	Answer
1 Obtained by fermentation from cultures of Streptomyces mediterranei 2 macrocyclic ring bridged across two non adjacent positions of an aromatic nucleus. 3 Developed in 1971, United States 4 Developed 1992, Atypical mycobacterial infections	1 RIFAMYCINS 2 ansamycins 3 Rifampin 4 Rifabutin
Inactivation of Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase by Rifampin 1 Rifampin binds to __	1 Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase - Not Eukaryotic - It changes RNA conformation and cannot initiate RNA Synthesis
most active agent inducer of of CYP450 toxic effects are relatively infrequent when taken with INH or EMB, incidence of Hepatoxicity is higher used to eradicate the carrier state in asymptomatic carriers of Neisseria meningitidis S/E: Reddish orange body secretion	Rifampin -Rifadin -Rimactane -Rifampicin)
spiroimidazopiperidyl derivative of rifamycin B US: prophylaxis of disseminated MAC in AIDS patients	Rifabutin
D-(+)-Amino-3-isoxazolidin e Isolated from the fermentation beer Streptomyces orchidaceus Streptomyces garyphalus Streptomyces lavendulus	Cycloserine (Seromycin)
strongly basic cyclic peptide Streptomyces capreolus in 1960 by Herr et al. Released in US in 1971, tuberculostatic drug Similar to Viomycin (Streptomyces puniceus) S/E: damage to 8th cranial nerve, renal damage	Capreomycin (Capastat sulfate)
1 Anti-Leprosy Drugs 2 Mode of Actions of these drugs	1) 1 Dapsone 2 Clofazimine 2 Dapsone: Inhibits Folic acid synthesis Clofazimine: Binds to mycobacterial DNA & Inhibit Bacterial Growth