level: Mutations
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Mutations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a mutation? | a change in DNA sequence which can lead to a change in the amino acid sequence |
| Where do mutations occur? | DNA - introns and exons |
| What causes a mutation | 1. Occur naturally at random. 2. Can arise from incorrect base pairing in DNA replication. 3. Mutagenic agents increase the frequency of mutations |
| What are mutagenic agents ? | These increase the frequency of mutations: -High energy radiation (x rays/UV light) -High energy particles (alpha and beta particles) -Chemicals (nitrous oxide/benzene/tar in cigarettes). |
| mutations types | Substitution mutation – base(s) are replaced by a different base. Addition mutation – base(s) are added. Deletion mutation – base(s) are removed. Translocation – A sequence of bases is removed and relocated to a different place (either on the same chromosome or a different chromosome) Inversion mutation – a sequence of bases is reversed. Duplication mutation – sequence of bases is repeated. |
| types of mutations pneumon | SADTID |
| What is a frame shift? | move along right to the mutation |