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level: Level 5

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 5

Question	Answer
• Are formed by crystallization of the host molecules, the guest component usually limited to long, unbranched straight chain compounds	Channel Types
Applications of Channel Types	• Seperation of isomers • In analysis of dermatological creams
• Compounds such as clays, montmorillonite (constituent of bentonite), can entrap hydrocarbons, alcohols and glycols • They form alternate monomolecular (monoatomic) layers of guest and host • Their uses are currently quite limited; however, these may be useful for catalysis on account of a larger surface area	Layer Type
• Layers with gaps	Host
• Entrapped in gaps	Guest
Examples of Host and Guest	Host: Clays, Bentonite, Montmorillonite Guest: Hydrocarbons, alcohols, glycols
What is the use of Host and Guest?	• Used as a catalyst due to their large surface area
• During crystallization, some compounds (host) form cage like structure in which coordinating compound (guest) is entrapped.	Clathrates
Clathrates examples	Warfarin sodium
• Hydroquinone form cage with hydrogen bonds and hole have diameter of 4.2A This can entrap what?	methanol, carbon dioxide, hydrochloric acid
Application of Clathrates	• Synthetic metalo-alumino silicates act as molecular sieves • The pores store volatile gases and toxic substances • The entrapped molecule can be removes by physical process
• Single guest molecule entrapped by single host molecule	Mono Molecular Inclusion Complex
• Are cyclic oligosaccharides containing minimum of 6 D-gluco pyranose units attached by alpha-1,4 linkages	HOST-Cyclodextrins
Mono Molecular Inclusion Complex Applications	• Enchanced Solubility • Enchanced Dissolution • Enchanced Stability • Sustained Release