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level: Level 1 of Cardio

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Cardio

Question	Answer
Expansion and contraction of an artery in a regular, rhythmic pattern.	Pulse
Measuring the pressure exerted by the circulating volume of blood on the walls of the arteries, veins, and the chambers of the heart	Blood pressure
Is the difference between your upper and lower numbers of your blood pressure	Pulse pressure
Common symptoms of cardiovascular system:	1. Pain 2. Shortness of breath 3. Palpitations 4. lightheadedness
Inspection and palpitation:	General appearance: body built, face (xanthelasma, arcus senilis) skin color, temperature, turgor Edema clubbing capillary refill feel for thrills or vibration, heaves Location of apical impulse
Auscultation of heart sounds: Dull "lubb" sound	The first heart sound (S1)
Auscultation of heart sounds: "dubb"	The second heart sound (S2)
Auscultation of heart sounds: is faint	The third heart sound S3
Auscultation of heart sounds: Is rarely audible	the fourth heart sound S4
Abnormal heart sounds: Caused by abnormal valve function particularly at the mitral valve	clicks or snaps
Abnormal heart sounds: creaking, grating sounds caused by friction between the beating heart and inflamed pericardium	Rubs
Abnormal heart sounds: Caused by passage of blood through a narrowed artery. kind of blowing noise heard via stethoscope over the carotid arteries in the neck	Bruits
Abnormal heart sounds: Caused by abnormal flow of blood through a valve or orifice	murmurs
Abnormal heart sounds: 4	Clicks or snaps Rubs Bruits Murmurs
Causes for development of murmurs:	high blood flow decreased blood flow (stenotic valve) backflow of blood (regurgitation)