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Index
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Vocabulary
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Chapter 1
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Level 8
level: Level 8
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Level 8
Question
Answer
noun a person or thing that evokes memories or imitates something from the past (often used attributively)
throwback
adjective lasting a very short time; short-lived; transitory
ephemeral
phrasal verb to calculate the total of something
tally up
noun a person or thing that evokes memories or imitates something from the past (often used attributively)
throwback
adjective dependent for existence, occurrence, character, etc., on something not yet certain; conditional (often followed by on or upon) liable to happen or not; uncertain; possible happening by chance or without known cause; fortuitous; accidental
contingent
noun recurrence of or reversion to a past style, manner, outlook, approach, or activity reversion to an earlier type; throwback.
atavism
adjective carrying a load or burden
laden
adjective made efficient by stripping off nonessentials brought up to date : MODERNIZED effectively integrated : ORGANIZED
streamlined
adjective distinct in kind; essentially different; dissimilar:
disparate
verb to set on end, as a barrel or ship. to affect drastically or radically, as tastes, opinions, reputations, or systems. to defeat in competition, as in boxing or business.
upend
noun a small amount or share. a small allowance or sum, as of money for living expenses.
pittance
noun lacking in rigor or strictness
lax
adjective coming or being after the customary, useful, or expected time late, delayed, or detained
belated
verb to cut (something). to remove by or as if by cutting or clipping with a sharp instrument
shear
adjective lacking food, clothing, and other necessities of life because of poverty; needy; poor; impoverished.
indigent
adjective of, relating to, or financially supported by one or more church parishes very limited or narrow in scope or outlook; provincial
parochial
noun excessive narrowness of interests or view; provincialism.
parochialism
noun the outline of a figure or body; the edge or line that defines or bounds a shape or object. verb to mark with contour lines.
contour
noun a complete or impressive collection of things. a wide-ranging and impressive array or display
panoply
verb to remain or stay on in a place longer than is usual or expected, as if from reluctance to leave
linger
adverb, adjective with a turn or twist to one side; askew away from the expected or proper direction; amiss; wrong:
awry
verb to count, record, or list systematically
tabulate
verb to estimate (something) roughly or casually
ballpark
noun a condition of general bodily weakness or discomfort, often marking the onset of a disease. a vague or unfocused feeling of mental uneasiness, lethargy, or discomfort.
malaise
adjective very strict in moral or religious matters, often excessively so; rigidly austere.
puritanical
adjective having, exercising, or characterized by good or discriminating judgment; wise, sensible, or well-advised
judicious
noun Informal. a person who tricks other people in order to get their money
con artist
verb to perceive by taste or smell, especially with relish. to give oneself to the enjoyment of.
savor
verb to go back on one's word
renege
noun a reduction or decrease in numbers, size, or strength. a wearing down or weakening of resistance, especially as a result of continuous pressure or harassment. a gradual reduction in workforce without firing or layoff of personnel, as when workers resign or retire and are not replaced. the act of rubbing against something; friction.
attrition
adjective heavy; weighty big and strong; powerful; muscular impressively large or substantial
hefty
noun the process of gradual or unconscious assimilation of ideas, knowledge, etc.
osmosis
verb to dig or get out of the earth; dig up. to uncover or bring to light by search, inquiry, etc.:
unearth
noun a person who is guided by materialism and is usually disdainful of intellectual or artistic values one uninformed in a special area of knowledge adjective guided by materialism and disdainful of intellectual or artistic values
philistine
adjective disposed to be silent or not to speak freely; reserved. reluctant or restrained.
reticent
noun the trait of being uncommunicative; not volunteering anything more than necessary
reticence
noun a punishment undergone in token of penitence for sin. a penitential discipline imposed by church authority.
penance
verb to treat or describe (something, such as a serious problem or error) as if it were not important
gloss over
verb to make objection, especially on the grounds of scruples; take exception; object noun the act or an instance of objecting; protest
demur
adjective not divided into parts or groups concentrated on one object, idea, etc.
undivided
adjective careless; thoughtless; unmindful
heedless
adjective complex or intricate
byzantine
adjective departing from the most direct way; circuitous; indirect without definite course; vagrant departing from the proper or accepted way; roundabout not straightforward; shifty or crooked
devious
adjective concealed or disguised; secret. covered; sheltered. noun a shelter or hiding place. concealment or disguise.
covert
verb to stop, as at an obstacle, and refuse to proceed or to do something specified (usually followed by at). (of a horse, mule, etc.) to stop short and stubbornly refuse to go on.
balk
noun a break or interruption in the continuity of a work, series, action, etc. a missing part; gap or lacuna: any gap or opening.
hiatus
verb to impose, place, or set over, above, or on something else. to put or join as an addition (usually followed by on or upon).
superimpose
adjective relating to or concerned with wholes or with complete systems rather than with the analysis of, treatment of, or dissection into parts
holistic
noun a small and narrow portion
sliver
adjective rousing, exciting, or thrilling: INSPIRING moving, active, bustling, or lively.
stirring
noun a later or second thought; reconsideration. something added, as a part or feature, that was not included in the original plan or design
afterthought
noun a prayer consisting of a series of invocations and supplications by the leader with alternate responses by the congregation a sizable series or set
litany
noun a foolish action, practice, idea, etc.; absurdity
folly
verb to follow in order; come afterward, especially in immediate succession to follow as a consequence; result
ensue
adverb in a way that is clear and unambiguous: in a way that is not subject to conditions or exceptions: UNQUESTIONABLY
unequivocally
verb Achieve, gain
rack up
verb to go; travel. to experience good or bad fortune, treatment, etc.; get on noun the price of conveyance or passage in a bus, train, airplane, or other vehicle.
fare
noun something illusory, without substance or reality.
mirage
verb to deprive and make desolate, especially by death (usually followed by of) to deprive of something —usually used with of
bereave (past bereft)
noun a policy of drastically reducing government spending (often used attributively). a plain and simple quality severity of manner, life, etc.; sternness.
austerity
adjective representing, characterized by, or including members from two parties or factions
bipartisan
verb to uphold, follow closely, or conform or adhere (usually followed by to). to strike forcibly with an ax, sword, or other cutting instrument; chop; hack.
hew
verb to repeat or imitate without thought or understanding. noun a person who, without thought or understanding, merely repeats the words or imitates the actions of another.
parrot
adjective of a thick, semisolid consistency; heavy, as food. old-fashioned; unduly formal and traditional. dull; graceless; inelegant.
stodgy
noun any identifying or distinguishing mark or characteristic. verb to designate (something, such as funds) for a specific use or owner
earmark
adverb excessively
unduly
adjective watchful and discreet; cautious; prudent. well-considered.
circumspect
verb to reject with disdain; scorn. to treat with contempt; despise.
spurn
adjective extremely sacred or inviolable not to be entered or trespassed upon above or beyond criticism, change, or interference
sacrosanct
verb CONFIRM, SUBSTANTIATE
bear out
verb to solicit votes, subscriptions, opinions, or the like from. to examine carefully; investigate by inquiry; discuss; debate. noun a soliciting of votes, orders, or the like. close inspection; scrutiny.
canvass
adjective intellectually or morally ignorant; unenlightened. overtaken by darkness or night.
benighted
adjective not well-informed, tolerant, or rational
unenlightened
noun the state or quality of being unnecessarily or tediously wordy; verbosity. a tendency to speak or write at great or tedious length.
prolixity
noun an odd or capricious notion or desire; a sudden or freakish fancy.
whim
verb to get; acquire; earn: to gather or collect.
garner
adjective wary; suspicious (usually followed by of).
leery
noun a remedy for all disease or ills. an answer or solution for all problems or difficulties:
panacea
adjective serving to compose or make up a thing; component: having power to frame or alter a political constitution or fundamental law, as distinguished from lawmaking power
constituent
adjective regarding the human being as the central fact of the universe. assuming human beings to be the final aim and end of the universe.
anthropocentric
adjective plain; clear; straightforward; without vagueness or subterfuge; frank. unfinished, as floors or furniture; not coated with or as if with varnish.
unvarnished
noun defamation by written, printed, or broadcast words or pictures. anything that is defamatory or that maliciously or damagingly misrepresents: verb to misrepresent damagingly.
libel
noun a natural, basic, or habitual repugnance; aversion. an instinctive contrariety or opposition in feeling. an object of natural aversion or habitual dislike.
antipathy
adjective equivalent, as in value, force, effect, or signification:
tantamount
adjective permeated or inspired, as with an ideal, meaning, characteristic, etc. saturated or impregnated, as with moisture, color, etc. to cause (someone or something) to be deeply affected by a feeling or to have a certain quality; usually + with
imbued
verb to mar the appearance or beauty of; deform; deface.
disfigure
verb to damage or spoil to a certain extent; render less perfect, attractive, useful, etc.; impair or spoil. to disfigure, deface, or scar:
mar
verb to disguise or conceal under a false appearance; dissemble. to hide under a false appearance
dissimulate
adjective promising success; propitious; opportune; favorable: favored by fortune; prosperous; fortunate.
auspicious
verb to put through a sieve to separate or separate out by or as if by putting through a sieve to go through especially to sort out what is useful or valuable—often used with through
sift
formal idiom helping and encouraging
aiding and abetting
noun a total desertion of or departure from one's religion, principles, party, cause, etc.
apostasy
noun (usually lowercase) a person, as an artist or writer, who lives and acts free of regard for conventional rules and practices.
bohemian
verb to cooperate secretly; conspire (often followed by with). to avoid noticing something that one is expected to oppose or condemn; give aid to wrongdoing by forbearing to act or speak (usually followed by at). to be indulgent toward something others oppose or criticize (usually followed by at).
connive
noun the traditional beliefs, legends, customs, etc., of a people; lore of a people. a body of widely held but false or unsubstantiated beliefs.
folklore
adjective having a certain inclination or disposition; inclined (usually followed by to or an infinitive).
disposed
noun scarcity that makes dear an inadequate supply : LACK
dearth
noun skill employed in a shrewd or sly manner, as in deceiving; craftiness; guile. adeptness in performance; dexterity. showing or made with ingenuity. adjective characterized by wiliness and trickery prettily appealing; cute displaying keen insight
cunning
verb to impregnate or inspire, as with feelings, opinions, etc. to saturate or impregnate with moisture, color, etc. to provide with something freely or naturally
imbue
adjective involving only students at the same school or college. within the walls, boundaries, or enclosing units, as of a city, institution, or building. involving or understood only by members of a single group, profession, etc.
intramural